BAL Induces an Increase in Peripheral Blood Neutrophils and Cytokine Levels in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Pneumonia

Terashima, Takeshi; Amakawa, Kazuhisa; Matsumaru, Akiko; Eeden, Stephan Van; Hogg, James C.; Yamaguchi, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1378/chest.119.6.1724

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In addition, the present results in mice are inconsistent with the report regarding cultured rat type II alveolar epithelial cells by Shima et al (2006). However, the elevations in the BNC and plasma IL-6 and G-CSF levels 4 hr after the BAL procedure in humans have been reported (Terashima et al, 2001). They speculated that the alveolar macrophages in intact lung tissue contributed to the cytokine production observed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The effects of organic extract of diesel exhaust particles on ischemia/reperfusion-related arrhythmia and on pulmonary inflammation

Yokota¹,

Ohara

Kobayashi

2008

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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-Since our previous study demonstrated the exacerbation of acute myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion (AMIR)-related arrhythmia by intratracheal instillation (IT) of diesel exhaust particles (DEP), the influence of IT with extracts of DEP in organic solvents on AMIR-related arrhythmia was examined in rats. Oxidative activity in a non-biological assay system and proinflammatory activity in mice of DEP extracts were examined. The dichloromethane-soluble fraction (DMSF) of DEP was further fractionated into n-hexane-soluble (n-HSF) and n-hexane-insoluble (n-HISF) fractions. The oxidative activities of the fractions evaluated by dithiothreitol assay were ranked as follows: n-HISF>DMSF>n-HSF. Twenty-one to 34 hr after IT, the AMIR experiment was performed. Exacerbation of AMIR-related arrhythmia and increased reperfusion-related mortality were observed only in rats treated with DMSF. In fact, n-HSF and n-HISF did not affect arrhythmia up to 5 mg/kg. Twelve hr after IT, a significant increase in neutrophil count was observed only with DMSF. The levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly elevated in the group treated with DMSF, while neither, n-HSF nor n-HISF, affected the level of cytokines up to 5 mg/kg. In fact, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-10 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were unchanged with any of the fractions. In conclusion, exacerbation of AMIR-related arrhythmia by DMSF suggests the contribution of non-particle components of DEP to arrhythmia while the component contributed to the effects did not become clear. Furthermore, it is confirmed that exacerbation of AMIR-related arrhythmia is accompanied by an increased neutrophil count in the circulatory blood.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

The effects of organic extract of diesel exhaust particles on ischemia/reperfusion-related arrhythmia and on pulmonary inflammation

Yokota¹,

Ohara

Kobayashi

2008

J. Toxicol. Sci.

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“…No acute phase response was observed for IL-5, IL-12, IFN-c, MCP and MIP. Our results are comparable with former findings in human and experimental pneumococcal pneumonia, in which the inflammatory response is characterised by an extended pro-inflammatory response resulting in high levels of IL-6 and IL-1RA [2,10,13,21,[35][36][37]. In this study, cytokines and chemokines were only measured in serum.…”

Section: Community-acquired Pneumonia H Endeman Et Alsupporting

confidence: 92%

Systemic cytokine response in patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Endeman¹,

Meijvis²,

Rijkers³

et al. 2010

Eur Respir J

106

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The role of individual cytokines and polymorphisms in pneumonia has been described, but the relationship between different cytokines and polymorphisms in relation to causative microorganisms, antibiotics, corticosteroids and clinical course has not. This study questions the relationship between cytokines, polymorphisms and clinical characteristics of pneumonia.Patients diagnosed with pneumonia were included in the study. Serum cytokine levels were measured during hospital stay, genotyping was performed, causative microorganisms were identified and patients were monitored throughout the hospital stay.In 201 patients with pneumonia interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 acted as acute phase proteins. After admission, the levels of these cytokines decreased rapidly. Single nucleotide polymorphisms did not influence cytokine production and were not associated with clinical outcome. Cytokine serum levels were significantly higher in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The decrease in levels of cytokines was independently influenced by the start of corticosteroid therapy.IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 are acute phase proteins, independent of genotype. Their levels are influenced by the nature of the causative microorganism and the start of corticosteroids therapy.

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“…The mechanism through which this release occurs is unclear. It is possible that instillation of liquid in the respiratory tree, suction with negative pressure, or alteration of the superficial tension are inducing factors [22]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence Rate and Factors Related to Post-Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fever in Children

Fonseca

Camargos²,

Taam³

et al. 2007

Respiration

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Background: Post-bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fever in children has been described by several authors. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the occurrence of fever after these examinations and associated risk factors. Methods: The study was performed in the Bronchoscopy Unit of Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France, from June 2004 to July 2005. 148 children who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy and BAL, and remained in the Unit for 24 h, were included. Results: 37.8% of the patients presented post-BAL fever. In the multivariate analysis of the selected factors (age, immunodeficiency, general or local anesthesia, mucosal biopsy, inflammation and suppuration at the moment of the examination, abnormal bronchoalveolar fluid cellularity and infection), only age <2 years and presence of infection remained associated with fever. Conclusions: The occurrence of fever is a frequent event in children who underwent BAL. In order to reduce post-BAL fever, antibiotic strategies should be devised based on prospective studies assessing identification of predictive air-way infection criteria and/or rapid bacteriological result analysis.

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BAL Induces an Increase in Peripheral Blood Neutrophils and Cytokine Levels in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Pneumonia

Cited by 37 publications

References 31 publications

The effects of organic extract of diesel exhaust particles on ischemia/reperfusion-related arrhythmia and on pulmonary inflammation

The effects of organic extract of diesel exhaust particles on ischemia/reperfusion-related arrhythmia and on pulmonary inflammation

Systemic cytokine response in patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Incidence Rate and Factors Related to Post-Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fever in Children

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