Barrier Contraceptives

Choby, Beth

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-05267-2.00130-8

Cited by 1 publication

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Traditionally, there are four types of diaphragms, namely, the arching spring, coil spring, flat spring, and a wide seal rim. These four types can vary in sizes from 65 to 90 mm—increasing in 5 mm increments, all of which require fitting by a clinician to ensure highest potential efficacy [164]. The diaphragm can be inserted 6 h prior to intercourse and can be left inside the vaginal cavity for 6 h after intercourse, with a maximum duration of use for 24 h [164].…”

Section: Non-hormonal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cervical cap is a silicone bowl that acts as a dome to cover the external surface of the cervix with an outward brim that tightly seals against the vaginal walls [164, 169]. The newest iteration of the cervical cap has a strap over the dome for removal aid [162, 164]. The cervical cap has three different sizes: 22, 26, and 30 mm [164, 170].…”

Section: Non-hormonal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The newest iteration of the cervical cap has a strap over the dome for removal aid [162, 164]. The cervical cap has three different sizes: 22, 26, and 30 mm [164, 170]. Although the cervical cap is smaller than the diaphragm, it still requires fitting by a clinician to ensure best fit and therefore best pregnancy prevention [164, 170, 171].…”

Section: Non-hormonal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the cervical cap is smaller than the diaphragm, it still requires fitting by a clinician to ensure best fit and therefore best pregnancy prevention [164, 170, 171]. In addition, the cervical cap can be inserted 40 h prior to intercourse and left in 6 h after intercourse, with a maximum duration of use for 48 h [164]. Lastly, both methods can be used in conjunction with a spermicide, nonoxynol-9 (N9), to increase pregnancy prevention efficacy, discussed below.…”

Section: Non-hormonal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These four types can vary in sizes from 65 to 90 mm-increasing in 5 mm increments, all of which require fitting by a clinician to ensure highest potential efficacy [164]. The diaphragm can be inserted 6 h prior to intercourse and can be left inside the vaginal cavity for 6 h after intercourse, with a maximum duration of use for 24 h [164]. The newest iteration is a onesize-fits-most contoured diaphragm (Figure 4) that does not require a fitting by a provider, but still requires a prescription [165][166][167][168].…”

Section: Internal Condommentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Reversible female contraceptives: historical, current, and future perspectives

Barton,

Erickson,

Allred

et al. 2023

Biology of Reproduction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contraception is a practice with extensive and complicated social and scientific histories. From cycle tracking, to the very first prescription contraceptive pill, to now having over-the-counter contraceptives on demand, family planning is an aspect of healthcare that has undergone and will continue to undergo several transformations through time. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current reversible hormonal and non-hormonal birth control methods as well as their mechanism of action, safety, and effectiveness specifically for individuals who can become pregnant. Additionally, we discuss the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved hormonal method containing estetrol and drospirenone that has not yet been used worldwide as well as the first FDA-approved hormonal over-the-counter progestin-only pills. We also review available data on novel hormonal delivery through microchip, microneedle, and the latest FDA-approved non-hormonal methods such as vaginal pH regulators. Finally, this review will assist in advancing female contraceptive method development by underlining constructive directions for future pursuits. Information was gathered from the NCBI and Google Scholars databases using English and included publications from 1900 to present. Search terms included contraceptive names as well as efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action. In summary, we suggest that investigators consider the side effects and acceptability together with the efficacy of contraceptive candidate towards their development.

show abstract

Section: Non-hormonal Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%