Barriers of access and utilization of reproductive health services by adolescents-Khartoum state-Sudan-2020: study protocol

Abstract

Background: Adolescence is widely defined as the time in life when the developing individual attains the skills and attributes necessary to become a productive and reproductive adult. Most adolescents are healthy, but there is still substantial premature death, illness, and injury among adolescents. Illnesses can hinder their ability to grow and develop to their full potential. Alcohol or tobacco use, lack of physical activity, unprotected sex and/or exposure to violence can jeopardize not only their current health, but also their health as adults or even health of their future children. Method: Community and institutional-based cross sectional study will be conducted in Khartoum State the seven localities will be included. This state is the national capital of Sudan, which has an area of 22,122 km 2. The sample size of participant is estimated using the population formula (n = N/1+ (n*d 2)). The sample will be drawn using multistage cluster sampling. Also the concerned bodies involved in the delivery of reproductive health services for adolescents included in this study. Data will be collected using interviews with key informants and administered pre-coded, pretested closed ended questionnaire with community participants. Data will be managed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Analysis is mostly univariate descriptive and bi-variate with Chi Square & Fischer Exact test analysis to find associations between variables of interest. Discussion: The census of adolescents mounted to 25% of the population and thus it is important to care for such significant portion of the population to document their reproductive health problems and their access to health care services. The study is expected to generate base-line indicators about barriers of access to reproductive health services by adolescents that can be used for better planning, monitoring and evaluation of the delivered services. The research about barriers of access to reproductive health services by adolescents in Sudan is still limited and the information is scanty and scattered. Thus, it is necessary to conduct such study to enrich the current database.

Youths with disabilities: Utilization and predictors of Youths Friendly Reproductive Health Services in Dessie City Administration, North East Ethiopia, 2021: A cross‐sectional study

“…Another possible reason could be a lack of confidence and fear of being seen by friends or family, preferences, sexual activity status, childbearing status, the difference in socioeconomic condition, and lack of comprehensive knowledge and unfavorable attitudes. 19,20 The results of this study revealed that disabled youths aged 20-24 years were 2.9 times more likely to use YFRHS than individuals between the ages of 15 and 19 years. Consistently, a study conducted in the Gondar zone revealed that the utilization of SRH is more among the age of 18 years and above as compared with ages <15 years.…”

“…Probable justification could be poor access to reproductive health choices from facility level barrier, social barrier, or provider level barrier. Another possible reason could be a lack of confidence and fear of being seen by friends or family, preferences, sexual activity status, childbearing status, the difference in socioeconomic condition, and lack of comprehensive knowledge and unfavorable attitudes 19,20 …”

“…Another possible reason could be a lack of confidence and fear of being seen by friends or family, preferences, sexual activity status, childbearing status, the difference in socioeconomic condition, and lack of comprehensive knowledge and unfavorable attitudes. 19 , 20 …”

“…The research was conducted in Dessie, which is located 401 km from Addis Ababa. In 2016, the entire population was 311,724 people, according to the city administration, and 87,904 of those 87,904 are youngsters aged [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]…”

Determinants of Out-of-Network Utilization of Care Among Insured Clients Under the National Health Insurance Fund of Sudan

“… 35 Overall, these findings should draw the attention of health policymakers in Sudan to pay more attention to women’s health needs and reduce access barriers to reproductive health services in Sudan, which were regarded as a pressing health challenge in the region. 36 …”