Barriers to reducing climate enhanced disaster risks in Least Developed Country-Small Islands through anticipatory adaptation

Kuruppu, Natasha; Willie, Reenate

doi:10.1016/j.wace.2014.06.001

Cited by 82 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, such interventions must be performed with care as intensification could increase production but could also reduce output stability and resource use efficiency and enhance the over-exploitation of the resource base (Krishnal and Weerahewa 2014). In an era of globalisation that includes an increasing intensification of other land-use practices, infrastructure development and new employment opportunities, the dependence of farm families on their gardens for food needs and dietary quality will likely decrease (Kuruppu et al 2015). To maintain and develop the multi-storied and multi-species nature of homegardens, it will therefore be important to develop means for increasing the profitability of homegarden systems while maintaining households' livelihoods and ecosystem services such as biodiversity and water regulation (Landreth and Saito 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is good about Sri Lankan homegardens with regards to food security? A synthesis of the current scientific knowledge of a multifunctional land-use system

2017

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Recently, there has been growing interest in agroforestry systems due to their great potential to mitigate threats to household food and nutrition security from soaring food prices but also as carbon sinks. In Sri Lanka, smallholder farms such as homegardens constitute a majority of Sri Lanka's total annual crop and timber production. Despite Sri Lankan homegardens being considered desirable and sustainable land-use systems, their role in food and nutrition security is not yet entirely understood. By synthesising scientific articles and grey literature we sought the link between food security and homegardens by quantifying their products or services and ascertaining whether food security characteristics are assessed as direct or indirect impacts. The results show that 27 % of 92 identified articles directly quantified aspects that are relevant to food security. Another 51 % of the articles quantified indirect aspects that have relevance for food security, including climate, soil, ecosystem services, structural and floristic diversity and economic aspects. Twenty-two percent of the articles were categorised as being qualitative or conceptual and contained no direct assessments or quantification of food security. The presence of significant merits from homegardens includes providing food security throughout the year at low-cost while sustaining numerous ecosystem services. This benefits particularly the poor farmers. However, many studies are descriptive and only provide location-specific information on single research focuses such as plant species, yield and management. There are few comparisons with crop land, forests or other production systems, and there is even less empirical evidence and quantification of the food security and other benefits. Seven areas where more scientific focus would be beneficial are identified. Homegardens are strong in national policies and to reach a greater level of efficiency within these activities our findings suggest more emphasis on a higher degree of inclusiveness of relevant stakeholders and long-term engagements with context specific guidance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is good about Sri Lankan homegardens with regards to food security? A synthesis of the current scientific knowledge of a multifunctional land-use system

2017

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“…They also widen existing gender inequalities as women and girls may have to invest greater time accessing clean potable water, limiting time spent on livelihood and educational activities; and drive processes such as migration to urban centres to access reliable infrastructure services (Connell 2011;Kuruppu & Willie 2015).…”

Section: Kiribati Outer Island Domestic Water Suppliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Adaptive Management Pathways for Drinking Water Security in Kiribati

Mukheibir

Boronyak

Alofa

2017

Climate Change Adaptation in Pacific Countries

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The dynamic adaptive management process (DAMP) was designed to build the skills of community facilitators to lead participatory decision-making processes to plan for the delivery of basic services under a changing climate. It provides facilitators with a range of tools for leading conversations at the community level. It will also help to build skills and knowledge which will enable the community to participate in identifying solutions that are relevant and appropriate for their context.The approach aims to build the adaptive capacity of communities in the outer islands of Kiribati to identify indicators/triggers, that draw upon various knowledge systems, including traditional knowledge, to define thresholds or limits to specific water related adaptation strategies. This will empower them to monitor adaptation strategies and subsequently contribute to the development of future adaptation strategies that will support the diversification of water resources. This paper highlights the need for adaptive management of potable water supplies in Kiribati in the light of climate change impacts, It draws on the experience of the authors and outcomes of training workshops, and outlines a set of tools to:• better understand the impacts of climate change on these possible water supply options • identify triggers for when a new water option should be planned.The tools and processes that are presented are flexible enough to be applied to a range of situations.

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“…Local communities' adaptive capacities have also been undermined as a result of a growing dependence on donor knowledge and funding (Nunn, 2013). Key institutional barriers that have been observed among SIDS include poor linkages and coordination between government tiers that also limit communication with local communities (Betzold, 2015;Kuruppu & Willie, 2015), lack of capacity among local leaders and institutions (Betzold, 2015) and poor enforcement (Nunn, 2009). Local populations (Lata & Nunn, 2012) and private sectors (Kuruppu & Willie, 2015) also tend to have poor awareness and understandings of climate change which curtails adaptive capacity by a lack of urgency for and value in anticipatory adaptation.…”

Section: Vulnerability Of Small Island Developing Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is shaping vulnerability to climate change? The case of Laamu Atoll, Maldives

McNamara¹,

Clissold²,

Piggott-McKellar³

et al. 2019

ISJ

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ABSTRACT:As climate change accelerates, it brings with it numerous challenges to society and the natural world. Concepts such as vulnerability have emerged as a way of trying to understand people's risk, despite there being a range of variables that can influence vulnerability and its temporal and spatial dimensions. Drawing from the well-known conceptualisation of vulnerability as a function of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, this paper seeks to understand what variables are influencing and shaping vulnerability in Laamu Atoll, the Maldives, and produce a base of knowledge for future vulnerability reduction initiatives. Household questionnaires (n=412) were used on Laamu Atoll to ascertain locals' perceptions of vulnerability based on livelihood resources, financial security, and climate-change experiences. Results show that peripherality, as a notion that describes the disparities between 'core' and 'peripheral' islands, is a key factor shaping vulnerability variables on Laamu Atoll. This has prompted an overarching recommendation for peripherality to be considered as a key dimension of vulnerability to climate change and an important consideration for existing and future human development and climate change policy and practice in Small Island Developing States.

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Barriers to reducing climate enhanced disaster risks in Least Developed Country-Small Islands through anticipatory adaptation

Cited by 82 publications

References 31 publications

What is good about Sri Lankan homegardens with regards to food security? A synthesis of the current scientific knowledge of a multifunctional land-use system

What is good about Sri Lankan homegardens with regards to food security? A synthesis of the current scientific knowledge of a multifunctional land-use system

Dynamic Adaptive Management Pathways for Drinking Water Security in Kiribati

What is shaping vulnerability to climate change? The case of Laamu Atoll, Maldives

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