Basal Cell Carcinoma Arises from Interfollicular Layer of Epidermis

Tan, Sukmawati Tansil; Ghaznawie, Mahmud; Heenan, Peter J.; Dosan, Ricky

doi:10.1155/2018/3098940

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…25 The theory that other BCC precursors originate from hair follicles supports the finding because head, face, and neck region contain more hair follicles than any other region of the body. 26,27 However, a discrepancy in the pattern of UV exposure occurred in this study. The proportion of BCC in the trunk as the body's area is typically covered and becomes less exposed has relatively higher tumour density than in the upper and lower extremities.…”

Section: Distribution Of Bcc According To Anatomical Locationcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Clinicopathologic and Histomorphological Aspect of Basal Cell Carcinoma in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis of Twenty Years Experience

Arisanty

Habiburrahman

Putri

2021

ejki

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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy, and the incidence increases over time. However, epidemiological data and analysis of the histopathological characteristic of BCC in Asia and Indonesia are limited. This study evaluates the clinicopathological and histomorphological features of BCC cases at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (CMH) for the last 20 years (2000-2019). This is a cross-sectional retrospective study, using medical records and slides data screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The re-diagnostic assessment was performed independently by two investigators. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi-square test, Kruskal Wallis, and Mann Whitney tests. There were 896 cases of total 20 years, with an increase of 51.4% between the first and second decades, female: male ratio was 1.34: 1, the median age was 63 y.o (0-99), and 54% patient was 60-79 y.o. The majority of cases are located on the head, face, and neck (95.8%), nodular as the most common histological subtypes (49.2%), with adenoid as the highest number of variants (63.1%). Single vs mixed subtype BCC (58.4% vs 41.6%), low-risk vs high-risk BCC (53.9% vs 46.1%). There were different levels of risk and a number of subtypes based on anatomical location. The differences were also found in the number of subtypes, the aggressiveness of subtypes, and risk levels based on gender and histological subtypes based on anatomical location. Residual tumours were present in 2.8% of cases. Thus the cases of BCC in CMH have increased in the last 20 years, and differences are observed in anatomical distribution, gender, age, risk, number of subtypes, histological subtypes, and aggressiveness. Keywords: basal cell carcinoma, retrospective, epidemiology, histomorphological characteristics. Aspek Klinikopatologis dan Histomorfologikal Karsinoma Sel Basal di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo: Analisis Retrospektif 20 Tahun Abstrak Karsinoma sel basal (KSB) merupakan keganasan kulit yang paling sering. Namun data epidemiologi dan telaah karakteristik histopatologi KSB di Asia dan Indonesia sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kasus KSB di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) dan meninjau gambaran klinikopatologis serta histomorfologinya selama 20 tahun terakhir (2000-2019). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang retrospektif dengan mengambil data dari rekam medis dan slide tersimpan. Skrining formulir permintaan patologi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Penilaian diagnosis ulang dilakukan secara independen oleh dua peneliti. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi square, Kruskal Wallis, dan Mann Whitney. Terdapat 896 kasus KSB dalam waktu 20 thn dengan peningkatan 51,4% KSB antara dekade ke-1 dan ke-2, rasio perempuan: laki-laki adalah 1,34:1, median usia 63 tahun (0-99) dan 54% berusia 60-79 tahun. Lokasi anatomis terbanyak di kepala, wajah, dan leher (95,8%), subtipe nodular (49,2%) dengan varian adenoid tertinggi (63,1%). KSB subtipe tunggal vs. campuran (58,4% vs. 41,6%), KSB risiko rendah vs. tinggi (53,9% vs. 46,1%), terdapat beda tingkat risiko dan jumlah subtipe berdasarkan lokasi anatomis, jumlah subtipe, sifat agresivitas subtipe, dan tingkat risiko berdasarkan jenis kelamin, serta beda jenis subtipe dengan lokasi anatomis. Tumor residif terdapat pada 2,8% kasus. Kasus KSB di RSCM meningkat dalam 20 tahun terakhir dan perbedaan diamati pada distribusi anatomi, jenis kelamin, usia, risiko histopatologik, jumlah subtipe, berbagai subtipe histopatologi, dan agresivitasnya. Kata kunci: karsinoma sel basal, retropsektif, epidemiologi, karakter histomorfologi.

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Section: Distribution Of Bcc According To Anatomical Locationcontrasting

confidence: 60%

Clinicopathologic and Histomorphological Aspect of Basal Cell Carcinoma in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis of Twenty Years Experience

Arisanty

Habiburrahman

Putri

2021

ejki

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“…Increasing NMSC incidences demand the development of new therapies and prophylactic measures, as well as the optimization of screenings. NMSC arises from keratinocytes, and can be divided into basal cell carcinoma or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) depending on the cell type from which tumors develop (Lapouge et al , ; Sanchez‐Danes and Blanpain, ; Tan et al , ). Dysregulated growth factors and their receptors have a deep impact on tumor initiation and progression (Witsch et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The transmembrane protein LRIG2 increases tumor progression in skin carcinogenesis

Hoesl¹,

Fröhlich²,

Hundt

et al. 2019

Molecular Oncology

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Over the last few decades, the number of cases of non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has risen to over 3 million cases every year worldwide. Members of the ERBB receptor family are important regulators of skin development and homeostasis and, when dysregulated, contribute to skin pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated leucine‐rich repeats and immunoglobulin‐like domains 2 (LRIG2), a transmembrane protein involved in feedback loop regulation of the ERBB receptor family during NMSC. LRIG2 was identified to be up‐regulated in various types of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), but little is known about LRIG2 in cutaneous SCC (cSCC). To investigate the function of LRIG2 in cSCC in vivo, we generated a skin‐specific LRIG2 overexpressing transgenic mouse line (LRIG2‐TG) using the Tet‐Off system. We employed the 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene/12‐O‐tetra‐decanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (DMBA/TPA) two‐stage chemical carcinogenesis model and analyzed the skin during homeostasis and tumorigenesis. LRIG2‐TG mice did not exhibit alterations in skin development or homeostasis but showed an interaction between LRIG2 and thrombospondin‐1, which is often involved in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. However, during carcinogenesis, transgenic animals showed significantly increased tumor progression and a more rapid development of cSCC. This was accompanied by changes in the ERBB system. After a single TPA application, inflammation of the epidermis was enhanced during LRIG2 overexpression. In human skin samples, LRIG2 expression was identified in the basal layer of the epidermis and in hair follicles of normal skin, but also in cSCC samples. In conclusion, epidermal LRIG2 excess is associated with activated EGFR/ERBB4‐MAPK signaling and accelerated tumor progression in experimentally induced NMSC, suggesting LRIG2 as a potential oncoprotein in skin.

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“…In the year 1903, Krompecher published a book called Der Basalzellenkrebs (The Basal Cell Cancer), which explained that these specific tumors arise from the lowest layer of cells present in the skin [ 6 ]. A recent study performed by Tan et al confirmed that BCC originates within the basal layer of the epidermis and arises from the interfollicular epidermis [ 12 ].…”

Section: The Origin and History Of Keratinocyte Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Keratinocyte Carcinomas and the Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals

et al. 2021

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Keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) is a form of skin cancer that develops in keratinocytes, which are the predominant cells present in the epidermis layer of the skin. Keratinocyte carcinoma comprises two sub-types, namely basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This review provides a holistic literature assessment of the origin, diagnosis methods, contributing factors, and current topical treatments of KC. Additionally, it explores the increase in KC cases that occurred globally over the past ten years. One of the principal concepts highlighted in this article is the adverse effects linked to conventional treatment methods of KC and how novel treatment strategies that combine phytochemistry and transdermal drug delivery systems offer an alternative approach for treatment. However, more in vitro and in vivo studies are required to fully assess the efficacy, mechanism of action, and safety profile of these phytochemical based transdermal chemotherapeutics.

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Basal Cell Carcinoma Arises from Interfollicular Layer of Epidermis

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Clinicopathologic and Histomorphological Aspect of Basal Cell Carcinoma in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis of Twenty Years Experience

Clinicopathologic and Histomorphological Aspect of Basal Cell Carcinoma in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis of Twenty Years Experience

The transmembrane protein LRIG2 increases tumor progression in skin carcinogenesis

Pathogenesis of Keratinocyte Carcinomas and the Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals

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