Basal cell carcinoma in a bacillus Calmette–Guérin scar

Polat, Mualla; Parlak, Ali Haydar; Hasdemir, Oğuz; Boran, Çetin

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.03930.x

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Several papers report the development of various forms of benign, borderline and malignant tumors at the site of BCG injections. In some cases, basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas of the skin have developed on a BCG scar or granuloma decades after childhood BCG vaccination ( 67 – 70 ). In other cases, and more relevant to the possible therapeutic use of BCG vaccines, skin squamous cell carcinoma ( 71 , 72 ) or tufted angioma ( 73 ) arose weeks or months after BCG vaccination.…”

Section: Bcg Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Infectious Diseases Vaccines Against Cancer

et al. 2021

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Vaccines used to prevent infections have long been known to stimulate immune responses to cancer as illustrated by the approval of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine to treat bladder cancer since the 1970s. The recent approval of immunotherapies has rejuvenated this research area with reports of anti-tumor responses with existing infectious diseases vaccines used as such, either alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we have reviewed and summarized research activities using approved vaccines to treat cancer. Data supporting a cancer therapeutic use was found for 16 vaccines. For 10 (BCG, diphtheria, tetanus, human papillomavirus, influenza, measles, pneumococcus, smallpox, typhoid and varicella-zoster), clinical trials have been conducted or are ongoing. Within the remaining 6, preclinical evidence supports further evaluation of the rotavirus, yellow fever and pertussis vaccine in carefully designed clinical trials. The mechanistic evidence for the cholera vaccine, combined with the observational data in colorectal cancer, is also supportive of clinical translation. There is limited data for the hepatitis B and mumps vaccine (without measles vaccine). Four findings are worth highlighting: the superiority of intravesical typhoid vaccine instillations over BCG in a preclinical bladder cancer model, which is now the subject of a phase I trial; the perioperative use of the influenza vaccine to limit and prevent the natural killer cell dysfunction induced by cancer surgery; objective responses following intratumoral injections of measles vaccine in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; objective responses induced by human papillomavirus vaccine in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. All vaccines are intended to induce or improve an anti-tumor (immune) response. In addition to the biological and immunological mechanisms that vary between vaccines, the mode of administration and sequence with other (immuno-)therapies warrant more attention in future research.

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Section: Bcg Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing Infectious Diseases Vaccines Against Cancer

et al. 2021

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“…The incidence of BCC in scar tissue has been reported as 0.5%, but its development in post-vaccination scars is even less common. The literature describes only a few cases of BCC in a BCG scar ( 5 , 7 – 12 ), all of which are described in Table I .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skin type and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light are well-known factors, but authors also report possible impact of other factors, such as skin trauma caused by surgical incisions, sharp or blunt injuries, deep abrasions, puncture injuries, burns, chickenpox, and scarring ( 1 – 3 ). To date, there are very few reported cases of BCC arising in scar tissue, and even fewer reports of BCC after bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination ( 4 , 5 ). We report here an unusual presentation of BCC in a post-BCG vaccination scar.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising within a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Scar: Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2022

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“…LV is a chronic form of tuberculosis occurring in individuals with moderate to high immunity against tubercle bacilli. Since LV induced by BCG vaccination is correlated with immunosuppression such as cellular immune defects and impaired IL-12- and interferon-γ-mediated immunity [9], BCG-induced LV might complicate skin cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma [1, 10]. Notably, these skin cancers contain tumor-associated macrophages in the lesional skin to maintain an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment together with regulatory T cells [11, 12, 13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

M2-Polarized Macrophages Compose Lupus Vulgaris Arising from a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Site

et al. 2016

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Since bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, lupus vulgaris (LV) is reported as one of the rare complications after BCG vaccination, correlating with immunosuppression in the lesional skin. In this report, we describe a case of LV arising from the BCG vaccination site 22 years after vaccination. Interestingly, in the present case, granuloma cells were composed of M2-polarized macrophages. Our case might explain the contribution of M2-polarized macrophages to the biology of LV arising from a BCG vaccination site.

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Basal cell carcinoma in a bacillus Calmette–Guérin scar

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

Repurposing Infectious Diseases Vaccines Against Cancer

Repurposing Infectious Diseases Vaccines Against Cancer

Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising within a Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Scar: Case Report and Literature Review

M2-Polarized Macrophages Compose Lupus Vulgaris Arising from a Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Site

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