Baseline water-quality sampling to infer nutrient and contaminant sources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, 2009

Hunt, Carlton C.

doi:10.3133/sir20145158

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The lack of removal of REEs from solution in the Kona Coast mixing experiments, and by inference, the Kona Coast subterranean estuary, instead likely reflects the much lower dissolved organic carbon concentrations, as well as the lower dissolved Fe and Mn concentrations, of these groundwaters compared to previously studied rivers and associated surface estuaries that exhibit REE removal (Table 3). For example, DOC concentrations are between 4 and 21 times greater in these rivers and their associated estuaries than in Kona Coast groundwaters, excluding groundwater from the Honokohau Harbor well, which again receives effluent from the WWTF (e.g., Parsons et al, 2008;Hunt, 2014;Prouty et al, 2016; Table 3). Dissolved Fe concentrations in these rivers and surface estuaries are also commonly between 2-and 5-fold higher than in Kona Coast groundwaters (Tables 2, 3).…”

Section: Mixing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth element behavior during groundwater–seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii

Johannesson

Palmore

Fackrell

et al. 2017

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

101

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Groundwater and seawater samples were collected from nearshore wells and offshore along the Kona Coast of the Big Island of Hawaii to investigate rare earth element (REE) behavior in local subterranean estuaries. Previous investigations showed that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the predominant flux of terrestrial waters to the coastal ocean along the arid Kona Coast of Hawaii. Groundwater and seawater samples were filtered through 0.45 μm and 0.02 μm pore-size filters to evaluate the importance of colloidal and soluble (i.e., truly dissolved ionic species and/or low molecular weight [LMW] colloids) fractions of the REEs in the local subterranean estuaries. Mixing experiments using groundwater collected immediately down gradient from a wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) proximal to the Kaloko-Hanokohau National Historic Park, and more "pristine" groundwater from a well constructed in a lava tube at Kiholo Bay, were mixed with local seawater to study the effect of solution composition (i.e., pH, salinity) on the concentrations and fractionation behavior of the REEs as groundwater mixes with seawater in Kona Coast subterranean estuaries. The mixed waters were also filtered through 0.45 or 0.02 μm filters to ascertain the behavior of colloidal and soluble fractions of the REEs across the salinity gradient in each mixing experiment. Concentrations of the REEs were statistically identical (two-tailed Student ttest, 95% confidence) between the sequentially filtered sample aliquots, indicating that the REEs occur as dissolved ionic species and/or LMW colloids in Kona Coast groundwaters. The mixing experiments revealed that the REEs are released to solution from suspended particles or colloids when Kona Coast groundwater waters mix with local seawater. The order of release that accompanies increasing pH and salinity follows

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Section: Mixing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth element behavior during groundwater–seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii

Johannesson

Palmore

Fackrell

et al. 2017

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

101

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“…3). A recent study reported that B isotopes did not work well as a tracer for sewage in brackish waters (Hunt, 2014).…”

Section: Tide Pool Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…δ 15 N and δ 18 O in NO 3 and δ 11 B along upland-lowland gradients have been used to determine N sources to groundwater in several studies (Leenhouts et al, 1998;Seiler, 2005;Hunt, 2006, Hunt, 2014Xue et al, 2014). However, to our knowledge, our study is the first to apply this multi-isotope approach to detect N sources to coastal waters along an onshore-offshore gradient.…”

Section: Tide Pool Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying nitrogen sources to thermal tide pools in Kapoho, Hawai'i, U.S.A, using a multi-stable isotope approach

Wiegner

Mokiao-Lee

Johnson

2016

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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Nitrogen (N) enrichment often results in coastal eutrophication, even in remote areas like Hawai'i. Therefore, determining N sources to coastal waters is important for their management. This study identified N sources to tide pools in Kapoho, Hawai'i, and determined their relative importance using three stable isotopes (δ(15)N, δ(18)O, δ(11)B). Surface waters and macroalgal tissues were collected along 100-m onshore-offshore transects in areas of high groundwater input for three months at low tide. Water samples from possible N sources were also collected. Mixing model output, along with macroalgal δ(15)N values, indicated that agriculture soil (34%) was the largest anthropogenic N source followed by sewage (27%). These findings suggest that more effective fertilizer application techniques and upgrading sewage treatment systems can minimize N leaching into groundwater. Overall, our multi-stable isotope approach for identifying N sources was successful and may be useful in other coastal waters.

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“…These data have enabled the NPS to identify potential sources of anthropogenic nutrient input including a transient spike of nitrogen‐enriched irrigation water attributable to a neighboring golf course (Fig. ; Hunt , Raikow and Farahi ), and pronounced changes in nutrient levels at some locations proximal to urban development (Fig. ; Raikow and Farahi ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing coral reef management decisions at four U.S. National Parks in the Pacific using long‐term monitoring data

Brown¹,

McKenna

Beavers³

et al. 2016

Ecosphere

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. Benthic marine community, marine fish, and land-based surface and groundwater quality monitoring protocols used a split-panel sampling design to collect data on ecosystem "vital signs" and processes. Vital signs included coral species richness, percent coverage of benthic community types, fish abundance and biomass, rugosity, and a suite of surface and groundwater quality parameters. Data on key processes included top-down (e.g., fish trophic structure, bleaching, and disease) and bottom-up (e.g., coral larval settlement, turbidity, pH, temperature, nitrogen, phosphorus, salinity, groundwater levels) controls. The importance of these monitoring data is highlighted in four case studies that described how the information was used to manage a diverse array of issues at the parks. First, coral reef areas vulnerable to Acanthaster planci (crown-of-thorns sea star) outbreaks at NPSA and WAPA were identified to determine whether, and where, to focus culling efforts. Second, data were used at KALA to delineate zones with high fish biomass that were sensitive to fishing activities and warranted increased management. Third, coral settlement data at KALA identified sensitive regions within the park. Fourth, land-based surface water quality and groundwater dynamics monitoring data at KAHO were used to support management actions that mitigate land-based threats to park coral reefs. Advantages of the monitoring program included the split-panel sampling design, which provided a more complete picture of the resources with statistically robust data, and the efficacy of colocating and covisiting sites for multiple protocols. The case studies demonstrated the usefulness of these data in the short term. In the long term, these data will continue to yield significant information about ecosystem responses to anthropogenic impacts and natural events, vital to park planning processes.

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Baseline water-quality sampling to infer nutrient and contaminant sources at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park, Island of Hawai‘i, 2009

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Rare earth element behavior during groundwater–seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii

Rare earth element behavior during groundwater–seawater mixing along the Kona Coast of Hawaii

Identifying nitrogen sources to thermal tide pools in Kapoho, Hawai'i, U.S.A, using a multi-stable isotope approach

Informing coral reef management decisions at four U.S. National Parks in the Pacific using long‐term monitoring data

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