Batch and continuous-flow room temperature furfural acetalization with ethanol over aluminophosphate (APAl) catalysts for biofuels production

Ratthiwal, Janejira; Lázaro, Noelia; Romero, Antonio A.; Osman, Sameh M.; Reubroycharoen, Prasert; Luque, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126049

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of methyl benzoate compounds have been extensively reported, including heteropoly acid catalysts, strong acid cationic resins, molecular sieves, and solid superacids [9,10]. In recent years, solid acid catalysts have replaced chemical acid catalysts because of their convenience, nontoxicity, non-corrosiveness, environmental protection, low price, easy mass production, and easy recycling [11][12][13][14]. This has attracted attention as an attractive topic for the catalytic synthesis of methyl benzoate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Activity and Cyclic Catalysis of Synthesized Iron-Supported Zr/Ti Solid Acid Catalysts in Methyl Benzoate Compounds

Shi

Wang

et al. 2023

Catalysts

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The catalytic activity and cyclic catalysis of different methyl benzoates were studied by using a series of Lewis solid acid catalysts. The iron-supported zirconium/titanium solid acid catalysts were characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD, and BET. The details of catalytic activity and cyclic catalysis verified that the catalyst catalyzed the reactions of 31 benzoic acids with different substituents and methanol. In addition, the mechanism was revealed according to the microstructure, acid strength, and specific surface area of the catalysts, and the yields of methyl benzoates by the GC-MS. Zr ions had significant effects on the catalytic activity of the catalyst. A certain proportion of Fe and Ti ions additionally enhanced the catalytic activity of the catalyst, with the catalyst-specific composition of Fe:Zr: Ti = 2:1: 1 showing optimal catalytic activity. A variety of substituents in the benzene ring, such as the electron-withdrawing group, the electron-donating group, large steric hindrance, and the position of the group on the benzene ring, had regular effects on the catalytic activity of the methyl benzoates. An increase in the catalyst activity occurred owing to the increases in the catalyst surface and the number of acid sites after the Fe ion was added. The catalytic activity remained unchanged after the facile recycling method was performed.

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