BCG Vaccination in the Control of Tuberculosis

Huebner, Robin E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-80166-2_12

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Mycobacterium bovis BCG, the only vaccine available against tuberculosis (22), has also been used successfully as a vaccine against leprosy (29) and, for over 20 years, as a local immunotherapy against superficial bladder cancer (2). Mycobacterium smegmatis is a related organism which has potential advantages as a recombinant vaccine over M. bovis BCG, as it is nonpathogenic and frequently commensal in humans (36,42).…”

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Closely Related Mycobacterial Strains Demonstrate Contrasting Levels of Efficacy as Antitumor Vaccines and Are Processed for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Presentation by Multiple Routes in Dendritic Cells

Cheadle¹,

O'Donnell

Selby³

et al. 2005

Infect Immun

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Mycobacterium bovis BCG, the only vaccine available against tuberculosis (22), has also been used successfully as a vaccine against leprosy (29) and, for over 20 years, as a local immunotherapy against superficial bladder cancer (2). Mycobacterium smegmatis is a related organism which has potential advantages as a recombinant vaccine over M. bovis BCG, as it is nonpathogenic and frequently commensal in humans (36, 42). Indeed, emulsified M. smegmatis and M. bovis BCG have comparable antitumor activity in a tumor immunotherapy model (56). The recent realization that mycobacteria are promising vehicles for a new generation of recombinant vaccines lends urgency to investigating the relative value of different strains in that role.Despite their close relationship, there are several key differences between M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis. M. bovis BCG is derived from the intracellular pathogen M. bovis and survives in host cells for months (31). In contrast, M. smegmatis is rapidly destroyed within infected cells and is nonpathogenic. Highly pathogenic mycobacteria such as M. tuberculosis can survive and replicate within cells because they inhibit phagosome maturation and hence their own degradation (11). Although the exact mechanism is not yet fully understood (47), it is known that such mycobacteria prevent acidification of the phagosome (13) and subsequent formation of a phagolysosome. M. bovis BCG shares many characteristics with M. tuberculosis and induces biochemical markers of maturation arrest (53, 54). On the other hand, M. smegmatis does not arrest phagosome maturation and is degraded rapidly by phagolysosomal proteases, which probably accounts for its lack of pathogenicity (28,54).Since the development of mycobacterium-Escherichia coli shuttle plasmids (23), there has been much interest in the generation of recombinant mycobacteria as vaccines against infectious disease, such as tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus. Furthermore, a recent study has also shown that recombinant M. bovis BCG can also protect against tumor challenge in model systems (15). The authors demonstrated that if they vaccinated mice with 10 2 or 10 4 M. bovis BCG secreting OVA and then challenged at day 30, 120, or 150 with B16-OVA, a significant delay in tumor growth was observed.It is generally accepted that the generation of effective antitumor and anti-infective immune responses requires antigenpresenting cells to prime cytotoxic T lymphocytes and T-helper cells by processing antigen and presenting it on MHC class I and class II molecules, respectively. Mice immunized with recombinant M. bovis BCG expressing human immunodeficiency virus antigens (1) and ␤-galactosidase (49) generate specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, but the mechanisms underlying anti-* Corresponding author. Present address:

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Closely Related Mycobacterial Strains Demonstrate Contrasting Levels of Efficacy as Antitumor Vaccines and Are Processed for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Presentation by Multiple Routes in Dendritic Cells

Cheadle¹,

O'Donnell

Selby³

et al. 2005

Infect Immun

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“…Most importantly, they have been used successfully as vaccines. The attenuated, nonpathogenic Mycobacterium bovis BCG is widely used as a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy (21,27). Recombinant BCG (rBCG) vaccine constructs have shown immunogenicity and protection in murine models against various infectious agents, including Borrelia burgdorferi, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis, rodent malaria, leishmania, and measles virus (11,15,29,34,38,50).…”

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Generation of CD8⁺T-Cell Responses by a Recombinant NonpathogenicMycobacterium smegmatisVaccine Vector Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Env

Cayabyab

Hovav

Hsu

et al. 2006

J Virol

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“…Vaksin ini pertama kali digunakan pada manusia tahun 1921, selanjutnya aplikasi penggunaannya meluas ke berbagai negara di dunia dengan tingkat protektivitas yang bervariasi (8,9). Sifat imunopotensiator BCG pada hewan percobaan telah banyak dipelajari dan terbukti dapat meningkatkan reaktivitas imunologis dengan berbagai mekanisme.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

VAKSINASI BCG MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS FAGOSITOSIS DAN SEKRESI REACTIVE OXYGEN INTERMEDIATE (ROI) PADA MAKROFAG PERITONEUM KUCING YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Tjahajati

2013

JKB

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The aim of this experiment is to study the effect of BCG vaccination on phagocyte activity and ROI secretion in cat peritoneum macrophages which infected with M.tuberculosis. The experiment used twenty four healthy cats. The animals were divided in 2 groups, 12 cats in each group. Group I were vaccinated with BCG, group II were control group which unvaccinated. BCG vaccination was done twice in two weeks interval. Two days after vaccination each cat was infected by 105 cfu M.tuberculosis intraperitoneally. The activity of macrophages were measured at 1st, 2nd, 12th, and 24th, after infection using in vitro latex bead phagocyte and NBT reduction assay. Three cats were used to measure the macrophage activity in each period, using triplicate sample for each cat. The results of the experiment showed that the phagocyte activity and ROI secretion increased significantly in vaccination group (P<0.01) compared with the control group, and these activities reached to the plateau level at 2 weeks after infection. Although these enhanced activities were gradually diminished thereafter, higher levels of these activities were consistently observed until the end of experiment compared with control group. BCG vaccination increased the cellular immunity especially phagocyte and ROI secretion activities of peritoneual macrophages in cat infected with M.tuberculosis

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BCG Vaccination in the Control of Tuberculosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Closely Related Mycobacterial Strains Demonstrate Contrasting Levels of Efficacy as Antitumor Vaccines and Are Processed for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Presentation by Multiple Routes in Dendritic Cells

Closely Related Mycobacterial Strains Demonstrate Contrasting Levels of Efficacy as Antitumor Vaccines and Are Processed for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Presentation by Multiple Routes in Dendritic Cells

Generation of CD8⁺T-Cell Responses by a Recombinant NonpathogenicMycobacterium smegmatisVaccine Vector Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Env

VAKSINASI BCG MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS FAGOSITOSIS DAN SEKRESI REACTIVE OXYGEN INTERMEDIATE (ROI) PADA MAKROFAG PERITONEUM KUCING YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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BCG Vaccination in the Control of Tuberculosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Closely Related Mycobacterial Strains Demonstrate Contrasting Levels of Efficacy as Antitumor Vaccines and Are Processed for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Presentation by Multiple Routes in Dendritic Cells

Closely Related Mycobacterial Strains Demonstrate Contrasting Levels of Efficacy as Antitumor Vaccines and Are Processed for Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Presentation by Multiple Routes in Dendritic Cells

Generation of CD8+T-Cell Responses by a Recombinant NonpathogenicMycobacterium smegmatisVaccine Vector Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Env

VAKSINASI BCG MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS FAGOSITOSIS DAN SEKRESI REACTIVE OXYGEN INTERMEDIATE (ROI) PADA MAKROFAG PERITONEUM KUCING YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Generation of CD8⁺T-Cell Responses by a Recombinant NonpathogenicMycobacterium smegmatisVaccine Vector Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Env