“…In the mitochondrial membrane, Bcl-2 and Bax are involved in the control of mitochondrial permeability to cytochrome c. It is known that the mitochondrial permeability of cytochrome c is reduced when Bcl-2 molecules form homodimers, but is increased when Bax forms heterodimers with Bcl-2 [13,14]. Thus the Bcl-2/Bax ratio is a critical factor that regulates mitochondrial apoptosis: decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and increased the expression of Bax result in increases in mitochondrial membrane permeability to cytochrome c, thereby initiating apoptosis through caspase-8/caspase-3 [15,16].…”