Beam charge integration in external beam PIXE–PIGE analysis utilizing proton backscattering with an extraction window

Xu, Ya; Xu, M.; Wang, Guangfu; Zheng, Chenlong; Qiu, Menglin; Chu, Yingjie

doi:10.1007/s41365-016-0131-5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Therefore, it is crucial to determine carbon contents in steels for quality assurance. The conventional methods for carbon determination in steel include chemical titrimetry, , spark source atomic emission spectrometry (SS-AES) in pure argon, particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE), , etc. These methods are so lengthy, complicated, short detective distance, time-material consuming, or harmful for health, which makes them only be used in laboratories for offline analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Carbon Content in Steels Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Assisted with Laser-Induced Radical Fluorescence

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2017

Anal. Chem.

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Carbon is a key element for steel properties but hard to be determined by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Utilizing the combination of carbon in analytes and nitrogen in ambient gas to generate carbon-nitrogen (CN) radicals, LIBS assisted with laser-induced radical fluorescence (LIBS-LIRF) was proposed to resonantly excite radicals instead of atoms in plasmas. The CN radicals in the BΣ-AΠ band were stimulated by a 421.60 nm laser wavelength and emitted 388.34 nm fluorescence. The results show that the spectral intensity of the CN radicals was enhanced by 2 orders of magnitude using LIBS-LIRF. Then carbon content in steels was accurately and sensitively determined without spectral interference. The limits of detection (LoDs) were 0.039 and 0.013 wt % in air and nitrogen gas, respectively. The limits of quantification (LoQs) were 0.130 and 0.043 wt % in air and nitrogen gas, respectively. This work demonstrated the feasibility of LIBS to realize reliable carbon determination in steel industry.

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Carbon Content in Steels Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Assisted with Laser-Induced Radical Fluorescence

Zhu

Zhou

et al. 2017

Anal. Chem.

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“…A 20‐mm 2 Au–Si surface barrier detector (100 V bias, 0.5 μS shaping time, and 302.6 amplifier gain) was positioned in a vacuum behind the window to monitor the RBS signal of protons backscattered from helium atoms and Kapton film. It is used to measure beam charge integration …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous setup, a 600 standard‐state cubic centimeter per minute helium flow was established between the exit window and the sample to maintain a stable low Z gas atmosphere . The saturated helium atmosphere is mandatory because of the relatively large distance between the SDD detector and target.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An upgraded external beam PIXE setup for multielemental analysis of atmospheric aerosol samples

Chu

Wang

et al. 2017

X-Ray Spectrometry

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The external beam particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) setup has been upgraded by introducing a new silicon drift detector with the aim of obtaining better minimum detection limits (MDLs) at the 2 × 1.7 MV Tandetron accelerator of the Beijing Normal University in China. The upgraded external beam PIXE setup is equipped with two silicon drift detectors for PIXE analysis of low and high Z elements. A surface barrier detector for Rutherford backscattering spectrometry monitors beam and helium flow. Two kinds of aerosol filter samples (quartz fiber filters and Teflon filters) were studied. A 200-μm thick Mylar absorber in front of the medium-high energy X-rays detector was adopted, and it got the best MDLs for atmospheric aerosol samples analysis. Multielemental analysis of quartz fiber filter aerosol samples was achieved.For more accurate and better MDLs of low Z elements in PIXE analysis, it is necessary to keep sufficient helium flow behind the thin samples.

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Design of the upstream decay pipe window of the long baseline neutrino facility

et al. 2021

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The beam windows of high-energy beam lines are important, and it is sometimes difficult to design because it is necessary to ensure particle propagation with minimum disturbance and fulfill mechanical requirements at the same time. The upstream decay pipe window of the long baseline neutrino facility at Fermilab has an extremely large diameter (1.8 m), with a thickness of only 1.5 mm to separate the helium atmosphere in the decay pipe and the nitrogen atmosphere on the other side. Furthermore, the center of this dish-shaped window is expected to be a 200-mm-diameter beryllium dish welded to the outside aluminum alloy A6061, and this welded combination must withstand extreme conditions of a 2.4-MW, high-energy proton beam without leakage. These severe conditions make the design of this window an unprecedented challenge. This paper describes the static thermal-structural analyses based on which the structure has been optimized, as well as dynamic analyses for understanding the shockwave effects originating in the beam. After optimization, the maximum von Mises stresses in the window decreased significantly in both normal operation and accident cases, making our design very reasonable.

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Beam charge integration in external beam PIXE–PIGE analysis utilizing proton backscattering with an extraction window

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Determination of Carbon Content in Steels Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Assisted with Laser-Induced Radical Fluorescence

Determination of Carbon Content in Steels Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Assisted with Laser-Induced Radical Fluorescence

An upgraded external beam PIXE setup for multielemental analysis of atmospheric aerosol samples

Design of the upstream decay pipe window of the long baseline neutrino facility

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