Beer Clarification by Cross-Flow Microfiltration: Fouling Mechanisms and Flux Enhancement

Gan, Quan; Field, Robert W.; Bird, Michael R.; England, R.; Howell, John; McKechnie, M T; O'Shaughnessy, CA

doi:10.1205/026387697523327

Cited by 60 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In our experimental conditions (TMP < 3000 mbar, N = 50 Hz), the membranes with a high pore diameter (superior to 1 lm) exhibit a flux value of above 100 l h À1 m À2 whereas small mean pore diameters remain inferior to 80 l h À1 m À2 . Flux values appear to be close to those mentioned in existing literature (Bü hler, Burrell, Eggars, & Reed, 1993;Gan et al, 1997;McKechnie, Burrell, Gill, Kotzian, & O'Sullivan, 1994) for small pore diameter but much more higher for pore diameter superior to 1.5 lm.…”

Section: Qualitative and Quantitative Performances Versus Mean Pore Dsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The propensity of retention, the contribution of the different mechanisms, how mechanisms interplay on soluble and insoluble fractions, the quantification of the fouling layer composition are investigated and are of highly scientific interests (Eagles & Wakeman, 2002;Fillaudeau & Carrère, 2002;Gan et al, 1997;Riddell & Kelly, 2004;Taylor, Faraday, O'Shaughnessy, Underwood, & Reed, 2001). In conventional cross-flow filtration, high fluid velocities are generally necessary to limit the growth of cake on the membrane.…”

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rough beers are real products; consequently a large and inevitable variability of product quality is noticeable (from brand to brand, from batch to batch and even within a tank, due to stratification) (Burrell, Gill, McKechnie, & Murray, 1994;Gan et al, 1997;O'Shaughnessy & Durosinmi-Etti, 1997). Table 1 shows the average analysis of the clarified beer and the different beers used for the filtration runs.…”

Section: Fluids and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Investigation of rotating and vibrating filtration for clarification of rough beer

Fillaudeau¹,

Boissier²,

Moreau³

et al. 2007

Journal of Food Engineering

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Section: Qualitative and Quantitative Performances Versus Mean Pore Dsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fluids and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of rotating and vibrating filtration for clarification of rough beer

Fillaudeau¹,

Boissier²,

Moreau³

et al. 2007

Journal of Food Engineering

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“…After the enzyme-treated samples had been kept at 20°C for 24 h, they were cooled to 2°C before being filtered 7 , using the filtration cell. In this way, the permeate mass was continuously monitored, while the final filtrate was analyzed via PCS.…”

Section: Permeate Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Beer Filtration Using Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS)

Sensidoni

Marconi

Perretti

et al. 2011

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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In this work, different aspects of particles size distribution in filtered beer were investigated. The utilisation of commercial cellulase or protease formulations influenced significantly the stability of filtered beer. By using Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS) untreated beer samples at 6 and 20°C showed good "chill" stability, while the samples treated with exogenous enzymes showed a significant modification in the particles size distribution and reduced colloidal stability. The particles size distribution in the filtrate appeared to be related to the decrease of the cut-off size of the membrane and of the flux from the membrane. As reported, the largest particle size diameter flowing through the membrane decreased in each type of sample over the course of the filtration, due to the fouling of the filtering media. The results allowed confirmation that at the beginning of the filtration trials the main fouling cause was the decrease of the pores size within the membrane structure, more than cake formation over the membrane surface, although this second effect prevailed after a certain time.

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“…2,9,10 Starting at a low value and gradually increasing TMP in steps may delay the onset of fouling and maintain a more ef®cient¯ux performance at lower energy consumption. This observation has led to the development of the critical ux concept in micro®ltration operations.…”

Section: Effect Of Transmembrane Pressure and Crossflow Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossflow microfiltration of a primary sewage effluent-solids retention efficiency and flux enhancement

Gan

Allen

1999

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol.

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An experimental study was carried out to evaluate¯ux performance and solids retention ef®ciency of a ceramic membrane system in the micro®ltration (MF) of a primary municipal sewage ef¯uent. The importance of membrane pore size and MF operating conditions on the removal of suspended solids (SS) and reduction of total dissolved solids (TDS) is demonstrated. With properly de®ned membrane parameters (eg pore size) the MF process was shown as being able to produce a permeate quality better than the required EC regulatory standards concerning urban wastewater treatment for suspended and total solids reduction. The economics of the membrane process depend largely on¯ux performance which was seriously impeded by severe membrane fouling, especially inpore adsorption/deposition of particles. The critical in¯uence of membrane fouling on the¯ux reduction and change of solids retention characteristics of the membrane system was analysed. Two techniques were employed and evaluated in an endeavour to enhance permeate¯ux: (i) minimisation of surface particle accumulation by employing a helically wound baf¯e installed inside the cross¯ow channel to produce a helical¯ow pattern and vortices encompassed in secondary¯ow, and (ii) reduction of in-pore fouling by employing an automated high frequency back¯ushing programme. Finally, this paper highlights the relationship between the¯ux enhancement mechanism and increased soluble solids transmission rate at elevated ®ltration temperature and when the back¯ush technique was applied. The increased total dissolved solids concentration in the permeate has profound implications on how the back¯ush technique should be implemented.

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Beer Clarification by Cross-Flow Microfiltration: Fouling Mechanisms and Flux Enhancement

Cited by 60 publications

References 2 publications

Investigation of rotating and vibrating filtration for clarification of rough beer

Investigation of rotating and vibrating filtration for clarification of rough beer

Monitoring of Beer Filtration Using Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS)

Crossflow microfiltration of a primary sewage effluent-solids retention efficiency and flux enhancement

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