pant who undergoes a routine health checkup, 7 which presents a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of baseline stage of change on future cardiovascular healthy behaviors.
Methods
Study DesignThis was a retrospective observational analysis using data from the JMDC Claims Database (JMDC, Tokyo, Japan), which is a health claims database in Japan, between 2005 and 2021. 8 The JMDC Claims Database includes individual health insurance claims data from >60 insurers. The JMDC Claims Database includes workplace employees' annual health checkup data, including demographics, medical history, medications, and hospital claims with International Classification of Diseases, 10the Revision (ICD-10) coding.
DefinitionTaking into account recent research on healthy behaviors that affect cardiovascular health, we chose and defined 4 key behaviors (abstaining from smoking, engaging in regu-