Behavior of GPS‐derived precipitable water vapor in the mountain lee after the passage of a cold front

Okamura, Osamu; Kimura, Fujio

doi:10.1029/2003gl017572

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The modified RAMS was developed at the Terrestrial Environment Research Center (TERC) of University of Tsukuba, Japan (TERC‐RAMS). It has been used in many previous studies [e.g., Yoshikane et al , 2001; Okamura and Kimura , 2003; Sato and Kimura , 2003]. Features of the model and the settings in the present study are listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Meteorological Conditions On 26 March 2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive dust outbreaks following the morning inversion breakup in the Taklimakan Desert

et al. 2005

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[1] Extensive dust outbreaks occurred on the late morning of 26 March 2004 in the Taklimakan Desert. An image by the satellite AQUA shows the dust outbreaks as an enormous dust storm extending as far as 1000 km in the direction of east and west across the desert. A ground-based lidar was successful in observing the dust storm. Values of the backscattering ratio from near the ground surface to an altitude of 6 km above sea level rapidly increased as soon as the dust storm covered the lidar observation site. Numerical experiments including a diffusion experiment revealed that strong westerly winds appeared at the surface level following the morning inversion breakup and then induced the dust outbreaks. The nocturnal inversion layer prevented the strong westerly winds from spreading to the surface level until the breakup. Notable nocturnal inversion is considered to be easily formed in the Taklimakan Desert because of its deep basin topography which can accumulate cold air masses. These results show the stability of the planetary boundary layer to be an extremely important factor in dust outbreaks especially in basin deserts, in addition to the intensity of surface winds. This implies that the occurrence frequency of dust storms in the desert has a diurnal cycle.

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Section: Meteorological Conditions On 26 March 2004mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive dust outbreaks following the morning inversion breakup in the Taklimakan Desert

et al. 2005

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“…1); thus, a cold front produces complex precipitation patterns as it passes over the central Japanese mainland (Fig. 2) (e.g., Yamamoto 1984;Fujibe 1989;Mannoji and Kurihara 1993;Okamura and Kimura 2003;Seino et al 2003). Such topography adds to the difficulty of accurately forecasting weather over the Kanto area, including the Tokyo metropolis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synoptic-scale Climatology of Cold Frontal Precipitation Systems during the Passage over Central Japan

Kusaka

Kitahata

2009

SOLA

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The synoptic-scale climatology of cold frontal precipitation systems during the passage over central Japan was investigated for 19 years (1988 2006). Cold frontal precipitation events are classified into the following three types: Widespread, Hokuriku, and Jump type. Widespread-type events, which bring precipitation throughout Japan, mainly occur in spring and autumn, and the cyclones tend to move northeastward from the central part of the Sea of Japan. The central pressure of the Widespread-type cyclones is the deepest and this type has the most moisture out of the three types. Hokuriku-type events, which bring precipitation exclusively over the Hokuriku area often appear in winter, and the cyclones move eastward from the northern part of the Sea of Japan. As a result, the isobars form in an east-west orientation over mainland Japan as the cold front arrives in the Hokuriku area. The Hokuriku-type cyclones tend to be relatively weak and there is less moisture during the events. For the Jump-type events, in which the precipitation distribution appears as precipitation bands jumping over the Kanto area, cyclones develop rapidly due to the deep trough at the 500 hPa level, changing the isobars from east-to-west to northeast-to-southwest during the events.

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“…The wind vectors in Figure 6 were reproduced by numerical simulations using a regional model, RAMS (the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System; Pielke et al, 1992). A modified RAMS presented by Sato and Kimura (2003) and Okamura and Kimura (2003) was used in the present study. The features of the model and the settings in this study are listed in Table I.…”

Section: Influence Of Local Circulation On Dlhmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Synoptic-scale Air Flow and Local Circulation on the Dust Layer Height in the North of the Taklimakan Desert

Tsunematsu

Kai

Matsumoto

2005

Water Air Soil Pollut: Focus

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The present study investigates the influences of synoptic-scale air flows and local wind circulations on the dust layer height (DLH) in the Taklimakan Desert, based on lidar observations performed in the north of the desert in March 2003. The DLH fluctuates approximately every three days between 2500 m (above sea level) and 5000 m, including diurnal variations. Meteorological analyses and numerical simulations show that the three-day fluctuation of DLH corresponds with variations in synoptic-scale air flows over the Taklimakan Desert, and the diurnal variations are linked to downdrafts and updrafts that are formed over the north of the desert as part of local circulations. When strong northerly winds prevail in the upper troposphere and a developed valley wind blows toward the Tienshan Mountains in the lower troposphere, the downdrafts strengthen in the middle troposphere over the north of the desert, lowering the DLH to about 2500 m. In contrast, the DLH rises to about 5000 m when the updrafts develop between strong southerly winds in the upper troposphere and a developed mountain wind blowing from the Tienshan Mountains. Simulations for the local circulation behavior without the presence of the Tienshan Mountains demonstrate that the valley and mountain winds on the southern slope of the Tienshan Mountains control the intensity of the downdrafts and updrafts, thereby influencing the DLH over the north of the Taklimakan Desert.

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Behavior of GPS‐derived precipitable water vapor in the mountain lee after the passage of a cold front

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Extensive dust outbreaks following the morning inversion breakup in the Taklimakan Desert

Extensive dust outbreaks following the morning inversion breakup in the Taklimakan Desert

Synoptic-scale Climatology of Cold Frontal Precipitation Systems during the Passage over Central Japan

The Influence of Synoptic-scale Air Flow and Local Circulation on the Dust Layer Height in the North of the Taklimakan Desert

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