Behavioral correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: An examination of methods and findings.

Abstract

This article considers methodological issues relevant to the study of differential crash involvement and reviews the findings of research in this area. Aspects of both driving skill and driving style appear to contribute to crash risk. Of the former, hazard-perception latency appears to play an important role, and this may be attributable to generalized abilities to identify visual targets in a complex background and to switch attention rapidly. Of the latter, faster driving speed and willingness to commit driving violations increase crash risk, and these factors may be explicable in terms of personality and antisocial motivation. The article concludes with an examination of the practical implications and of the ways in which research in this area might usefully proceed.

The Effects of the Daily Driven Distance and Age Factor on the Traffic Accidents

“…Correlations reported in the literature between annual mileage and accidents are in the range of 0.12-0.35 [3]. At the same time it has been shown that high-mileage drivers have lower accident risk per mile driven than low-mileage drivers [4].…”

Driver’s Awareness and Lane Changing Maneuver in Traffic Flow based on Cellular Automaton Model

“…The other studies also found the strong relationship between the driver' speed behavior and accidents [2]- [6]. There are two separate components which affect human factors in driving, driving skills and driving style [7]. Driving style has a direct relation to the individual drivers' behavior.…”

Convergence of Self-Report and Archival Crash Involvement Data: A Two-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up

“…However, although several reasons may explain the prevalence of self-reports , questions about their veracity and accuracy have been raised (see Elander et al, 1993;Harano, Peck, & McBride, 1975;Loftus, 1993). Consequently, archival data have been considered as an alternative to self-reports.…”