Behaviour of concrete adding chicken feather as fibre with partial replacement of cement with Cashewnut shell powder

Exploring the potential of cashew nutshells: A critical review of alternative applications

“…Unfortunately, cement production contributes significantly to CO2 emissions and incurs high energy costs (Thirumurugan et al 2018;Oyebisi et al 2019Oyebisi et al , 2021Mendu and Pannem 2021). To address this problem, researchers have explored CNS-derived supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) pretreated at different temperatures such as CNS ash (CNSA) (Lima and Rossignolo 2010;Pandi and Ganesan 2015;Thirumurugan et al 2018;Oyebisi et al 2019Oyebisi et al , 2021Tantri et al 2021Tantri et al , 2022, uncalcined CNS (burned below 400 °C), and CNS powder (CNSP) (Pavithra et al 2020).…”

“…Specifically, studies suggest that 15 to 20% substitution with CNSA is possible, compared to only 8 to 10% with raw or uncalcined CNS (Tantri et al 2021(Tantri et al , 2022. Additionally, research on CNSP suggests that a maximum substitution percentage of 8% in cement is possible without compromising properties when combined with chicken feathers (Pavithra et al 2020).…”

Effects of cashew nutshell ash on the thermal and sustainability properties of cement concrete

“…Pavithra et al. [ 27 ] studied the behavior of concrete synthesized from chicken fibers with partial cement replacement by cashew nut shell ash (CNA). Replacing 8% cement with CNA containing 1% chicken feather fiber resulted in higher compressive, splitting and flexural strengths than the control concrete (cement concrete).…”