Beneficial Effects of High Intensity Interval Training and/or Linseed Oil Supplementation to Limit Obesity-Induced Oxidative Stress in High Fat Diet-Fed Rats

Abstract

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and linseed oil (LO) supplementation are effective strategies to reduce obesity-induced oxidative stress. Our aim was to determine whether the HIIT + LO combination prevents obesity-induced oxidative stress in high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. HFD-fed 8-week-old, male, Wistar rats were subdivided in four groups: HFD, LO (2% of sunflower oil replaced with 2% of LO in the HFD), HIIT (4 days/week for 12 weeks), and HIIT + LO. Wistar rats fed a low-fat diet (LFD) were used as controls. Epididymal and subcutaneous adipose tissue, gastrocnemius muscle, liver, and plasma samples were collected to measure oxidative stress markers (AOPP, oxLDL), antioxidant (SOD, CAT, and GPx activities) and pro-oxidant (NOx and XO) enzyme activities. Compared with the LFD, the HFD altered the pro/antioxidant status in different tissues (increase of AOPP, oxLDL, SOD and catalase activities in plasma, and SOD activity increase in liver and decrease in adipose tissues) but not in gastrocnemius. LO upregulated CAT activity and decreased NOx in liver. HIIT alleviated HFD negative effects in liver by reducing SOD and NOx activities. Moreover, the HIIT + LO combination potentiated SOD activity upregulation in subcutaneous tissue. HIIT and LO supplementation have independent beneficial effects on the pro/antioxidant balance. Their association promotes SOD activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue.

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Bitter Orange Peel Extract on Oxidative Biomarkers and the Nrf2-Keap1 Signaling Pathway in the Quadriceps Tissue of Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

“…The results revealed that the average activity of SOD, CAT enzyme, and GPX gene expression in AE, BOP, and AE-BOP groups increased after 4 weeks. These results are consistent with those of previous studies confirming the positive effect of AE on oxidative stress biomarkers (15,17,20,(39)(40)(41)(42)(43) HIIT increased GPX and decreased protein carbonyl. The consumption of citrus extract and the interaction between HIIT and citrus extract increased GPX and decreased MDA and carbonyl protein in the soleus muscle tissue of old rats.…”

“…Antioxidant supplements increase the expression of antioxidant enzymes, which include enzymes involved in glutathione synthesis, through regulation of the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway (13,14). Some studies have demonstrated that these supplements may help with weight loss and recovery after exercise (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Therefore, the use of exogenous antioxidants may help delay muscle fatigue and improve endurance performance (24).…”

High-intensity intermittent training ameliorates methotrexate-induced acute lung injury

“…However, contrasting findings were noted in studies by Groussard et al [ 34 ], where SOD activity decreased in the rat liver following HIIT, and Rahmani et al [ 41 ] reported increased serum levels of TAC and MDA in the HIIT group. These differences might stem from variations in the duration or intensity of HIIT between studies.…”

“…Our findings indicated that HIIT reduced oxidative stress factors and lowered MDA levels in the HIIT group compared to the control group. Groussard et al [ 34 ] also reported a reduction in oxidative agents in the HIIT group. Similarly, recent research by Nakao et al [ 35 ] highlighted HIIT’s role in regulating antioxidant enzyme activity through NRF2 signaling.…”

Responses of bitter melon saponins to oxidative stress and aging via the IIS pathway linked with sir‐2.1 and hlh‐30

“…It is reported that cell senescence is closely related to ROS levels (Xiao, Jedrychowski, et al, 2020). SOD and CAT, the typical intracellular antioxidant enzymes, synergistically inactivate the superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide in cells, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress (Groussard et al, 2021). It was reported that saponins from the Rosa laevigata Michx fruit remarkably increased the levels of SOD and CAT, and decreased MDA and iNOS levels in the liver of mice to play a role in the hepatoprotective effect (Dong et al, 2013).…”