Benthic Algae on Tufa Barriers

Stanković, Igor; Szabó, Beáta; Hauer, Tomáš; Udovič, Marija Gligora

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-20378-7_8

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…Окрім геоморфологічних та гідролого-геологічних, процеси туфогенезу обумовлюються кліматичним та біотичним чинниками (Дідух та ін., 2018). Зокрема, процесам туфонагромадження сприяє тривалий теплий період з достатньою кількістю атмосферних опадів (Екологічний атлас…, 2007) та наявність специфічної туфогенної біоти: ціанобактерій (Cyanobacteria) , водоростей (Algae) Stanković., 2023) та мохоподібних (Bryobionta) (Farr & Graham, 2017).…”

Section: результатиunclassified

Petrifying Springs of Eastern Vicinity of Lviv City as Valued Objects of Living and Inanimate Nature

Orlov,

Ragulina,

Dmytruk

et al. 2023

gpc

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An assessment of the condition of the petrifying springs in the eastern vicinity of Lviv City as objects of living and non-living nature and their nature conservation value was carried out. The investigated travertine springs are confined to the sources of small rivers associated with water-erosive landscape complexes. Travertine deposits in the studied areas are mostly related to groundwater outputs in the sides of deep, branched V- or U-shaped, usually wooded ravines, which have the local name "debra". Springs are wedging out in sites of contact between Neogene limestones and waterproof Сretaceous marls and often produce powerful deposits of travertines (calcareous tufa). These sources are forming the headwaters of small rivers in the region. Considering the long period of management of the region and the high rate of urbanization, at the modern stage, the complex of natural factors is often joined by anthropogenic influence, which in one way or another affects the natural processes of tufa accumulation. As our research has shown, all the surveyed streams have been anthropogenically altered in one way or another. Obviously, the main reason for this is the location of the streams in the forest park zone of Lviv with intensive visits by vacationers and the close proximity to human habitation. Only 15 springs (27.8%) retain their natural character and the rest are significantly transformed. Among the last 20 sources (37.0%) suffer minor changes due to the expansion of sources and straightening or deepening of their channels; such ones can be defined as semi-natural. Today, more than a third of springs (19 / 35.2%) are intensively managed and have completely lost their natural features, mainly due to capping and the construction of reservoirs. Despite the significant transformation, many of such sources can have health (bathing), economic (alternative sources of water supply), sacred ("holy water"), historical (named after famous personalities), aesthetic (originally designed) and scientific and educational (limestone exposure and travertine) values. The most interesting and outstanding of them need to be given the conservation status of the Nature Reserve Fund. Key words: petrifying springs; travertine (calcareous tufa); rare habitats; natural monuments.

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Section: результатиunclassified

Petrifying Springs of Eastern Vicinity of Lviv City as Valued Objects of Living and Inanimate Nature

Orlov,

Ragulina,

Dmytruk

et al. 2023

gpc

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Petrifying Springs of Lviv Roztocze and adjacent territories: the Retrospective and Modern Condition

Ragulina,

Orlov,

Dmytruk

et al. 2023

Proc. SNHM

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Eighty-four hard-water petrifying springs of Lviv Roztocze and adjacent territories, which are forming 18 streams, were examined and their current state was assessed. The geographical position, geomorphological features, conditions of water sources and spring beds, character of tufa-forming processes, shapes of tufa formations and vegetation composition were described for each location. It was established, that travertine springs on the studied territory are related to the sources of small rivers associated with water-erosive landscape complexes. The high mineralization of groundwater, the specific structure of the river-erosion network, the location in a moisture warm climate zone, the development of colonies of calciphilic organisms (cyanobacteria, algae, bryophytes) at the watercourses led to the formation of a large travertine deposits here in the past. At the present time, the complex of natural factors is often accompanied by anthropogenic influence due to a long period of modification of the water resources of The Roztocze region. Now most of the petrifying springs are transformed by human activity, which significantly affects the intensity of tufa-forming processes. It was established, that a high level of anthropopression led to the transformation of most tufagenic watercourses and a decrease in the intensity of their activity: complete (when the processes of tufa genesis are stopped) or partial (when the processes slow downed or returned to the initial stage). Our survey of 84 sources showed that the majority of them are markedly anthropized (63.1%), about a quarter (23.8%) are lightly modified and are semi-natural in origin, and only a small part of them have a natural character now (13.1%). Among the four travertine formations known from the end of the 19th century, only two have survived (Chepin streams, Hamulets streams), while two more have been completely destroyed (Berekavitsa streams, the springhead of the Kabanivka river). It should be noted, that the active zone of tufa accumulation has noticeably decreased on 5 streams with natural or semi-natural sources (cascade on Hamulets stream, cascade on Hrybovytskyi stream, the left tributary of Chyshkivskyi stream, cascade on Chepin stream, a travertine body at the site of the bath container in Lysynytskyi stream). Tufa accumulation processes at 21 sources (25.0%) were artificially returned to the initial stage of formation due to the destruction of previously generated deposits there. Natural travertine formations of the region mainly have the form of cascades, rarely - waterfalls or crests and anthropogenic ones are mostly covered by concrete trunk. Regardless of their artificial origin, anthropogenic wells can be valuable habitats for the habitats of calciphilic bryophytes in urbanized areas. Natural and semi-natural travertine springs with saved biodiversity are can be potential objects of the Emerald network of the Roztocze region.

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Biotic agents of tufa formation in сarbon dioxide enriched hard-water springs of Mizhhirya basin and adjacent territories

Ragulina,

Orlov,

Bornyak

et al. 2024

Proc. SNHM

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The main groups of biote and their functional role in the calcareous tufa formation at the hard-water springs enriched by carbon dioxide of the Mizhhirya basin and adjacent territories were investigated. It has been studied that in the formation of calcareous tufa of all surveyed locations, representatives of micro-, bryo and phytobiota play an important role, and therefore, the studied sedimentary rock are mainly biogenic in their origin. Microbiota agents, mainly cyanobacteria of the order Oscillatoriales, play a leading role in the initial acts of calcareous tufa accumulation (stage I). These bacteriogenic initial forms, which can be defined as initial thromboids, are represented by small- or medium-grained, ocher-yellow aggregates of a spherical shape, with a diameter of 0.5-2 mm, which actively accumulate at the springs exits. These congestions (mesoclots) are growing and compacting over time and forming weakly cemented thrombolites, which are a cluster of separate aggregates together with particles of sand, silt, rocks, plant remains, etc. The next post-pioneer stage (II) is marked by the appearance of specialized amphibious Bryophytes vegetation of the Pellion endiviifoliae alliance and pioneer caliciophilic vegetation of the Grimmaldion fragrantis alliance. In the formation of calcareous tufa deposits of the next stage (III), the leading role is played by the Bryophytes vegetation of the Pellion endiviifoliae alliance. Their mineralized turfs are modeling light, fragile and porous bryolithes of an ocher-brown color. Bryolithes usually contain seasonal layers richly encrusted with leaves of trees, which growing near the spring. Base on the specificity and ecological value of the biotic (calcicolous Bryobiota) and abiotic, primarily geological (calcareous iron tufa) component, the hard-water tufagenic springs of Mizhhirya Verkhovyna can be considered significant natural monuments of Transcarpathia region. However, regardless of the nature protection status of most hard-water iron springs (they are hydrological monuments of nature of local importance), they often suffer from human’s improvement, illegal water extraction, high recreational load etc. Thus, they need applicating of conservation measures and nature protection management planning.

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Benthic Algae on Tufa Barriers

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Petrifying Springs of Eastern Vicinity of Lviv City as Valued Objects of Living and Inanimate Nature

Petrifying Springs of Eastern Vicinity of Lviv City as Valued Objects of Living and Inanimate Nature

Petrifying Springs of Lviv Roztocze and adjacent territories: the Retrospective and Modern Condition

Biotic agents of tufa formation in сarbon dioxide enriched hard-water springs of Mizhhirya basin and adjacent territories

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