Benthic photosynthesis in submerged Wadden Sea intertidal flats

Billerbeck, Markus; Røy, Hans; Bosselmann, Katja; Huettel, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2006.09.019

Cited by 78 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This benthic primary production represented between 51-78% of total primary production over the annual cycle. This pattern has also been reported by others authors in permeable sands inhabited by microphytobenthos such as Jahnke et al (2000) in some summer campaigns in the Southern Atlantic Bight (USA) and Billerbeck et al (2007) in incubations carried out in July in intertidal sandy bottoms located in the Wadden Sea. However, Gazeau et al (2005), compiled data from shallow Mediterranean regions and estimated that microphytobenthic primary production only represents 35% of the total primary production for depths between 5-10 m. All our results presented here provide information about benthic fluxes and primary production in calm sea conditions that allow researchers to work safely.…”

Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 88%

Benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients in sublittoral fine sands in a north-western Mediterranean coastal area

Sospedra

Falco

Morata

et al. 2015

Continental Shelf Research

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Elsevier Sospedra, J.; Falco, S.; Morata T.; Gadea, I.; Rodilla, M. (2015). Benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients in sublittoral fine sands in a north-western Mediterranean coastal area. Continental Shelf Research. 97:32-42. doi:10.1016Research. 97:32-42. doi:10. /j.csr.2015 AbstractTraditionally, benthic metabolism in sublittoral permeable sands have not been widely studied, although these sands can have a direct and transcendental impact in coastal ecosystems. This study aims to determine oxygen and nutrient fluxes at the sediment-water interface and the study of possible interactions among environmental variables and the benthic metabolism in well-sorted fine sands. Eight sampling campaigns were carried out over the annual cycle in the eastern coast of Spain (NW Mediterranean) at 9 meters depth station with permeable bottoms. Water column and sediment samples were collected in order to determine physico-chemical and biological variables.Moreover, in situ incubations were performed to estimate the exchange of dissolved solutes in the sediment-water interface using dark and light benthic chambers. Biochemical compounds at the sediment surface ranged between 160-744 µg g -1 for proteins, 296-702 µg g -1 for carbohydrates, and between 327-1224 µg C g -1 for biopolymeric carbon. Chloroplastic pigment equivalents in sediments were mainly composed by chlorophyll a (1.81-2.89 µg g -1 ).These sedimentary organic descriptors indicated oligotrophic conditions according to the biochemical approach used. In this sense, the most abundant species in the macrobenthic community were sensitive to organic owing to the highest incident irradiance levels (r=0.98, p<0.01) that stimulate microphytobenthic primary production. Microphytobenthos played an important role on benthic metabolism and was the main primary producer in this coastal ecosystem. However, an average annual uptake of 31 mmol m -2 d -1 of oxygen and a release of DIN and Si(OH) 4 (329 and 68 mmol m -2 d -1 respectively) were estimated in these bottoms, which means heterotrophic conditions.

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Section: Tablesupporting

confidence: 88%

Benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients in sublittoral fine sands in a north-western Mediterranean coastal area

Sospedra

Falco

Morata

et al. 2015

Continental Shelf Research

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“…A typical coastal marine sediment has pore water concentrations of Fe(II) of up to 150 M, nitrate concentrations of around 10 M, and O 2 and light penetration depths of only a few millimeters (47)(48)(49)(50)(51). Therefore, there is potential for all three metabolic types of Fe(II) oxidizers to be present and active within the same sediment, and it can be expected that they show the highest abundances and activities in certain zones where the conditions are favorable.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coexistence of Microaerophilic, Nitrate-Reducing, and Phototrophic Fe(II) Oxidizers and Fe(III) Reducers in Coastal Marine Sediment

Laufer

Nordhoff

Røy

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Iron is abundant in sediments, where it can be biogeochemically cycled between its divalent and trivalent redox states. The neutrophilic microbiological Fe cycle involves Fe(III)-reducing and three different physiological groups of Fe(II)-oxidizing microorganisms, i.e., microaerophilic, anoxygenic phototrophic, and nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidizers. However, it is unknown whether all three groups coexist in one habitat and how they are spatially distributed in relation to gradients of O 2 , light, nitrate, and Fe(II). We examined two coastal marine sediments in Aarhus Bay, Denmark, by cultivation and most probable number ( Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms were discovered in the late 1980s (6). Many of the better-known Fe(III)-reducing bacteria of the genera Shewanella, Geobacter, and Geothrix are found mainly in freshwater and more rarely in marine sediments (7,8). Still, Fe(III) reduction can account for a large fraction of organic-matter mineralization in coastal marine sediments (up to 50%) (9).Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria were first described in 1836 by Ehrenberg (10) as so-called "iron bacteria." It took more than a century before the first microbes belonging to this group could be grown in the laboratory (11) and even longer until it was demonstrated that they grow autotrophically by oxidizing Fe(II) with O 2 (12). These bacteria face the problem that, at neutral pH, the abiotic reaction of oxygen and Fe(II) is fast. Therefore, bacterial Fe(II) oxidation with O 2 at neutral pH is limited to micro-oxic ([O 2 ] Ͻ 50 M) conditions, where microbial iron oxidation can compete favorably with the [O 2 ]-limited abiotic reaction (13,14). Favorable conditions for the growth of microaerophilic Fe(II) oxidizers are found in opposing gradients of Fe(II) and O 2 , e.g., in the oxicanoxic transition zone in sediments or groundwater seeps (15). Today, there are at least four known groups of exclusively microaerophilic Fe(II) oxidizers, i.e., Gallionella (11, 12), Sideroxydans (3), Leptothrix (16,17), and Mariprofundus (18). Furthermore, certain bacteria belonging to the genera Marinobacter and Hyphomonas are also described as growing under micro-oxic conditions by Fe(II) oxidation (19,20).The photoferrotrophs (5) are not only of interest for modern habitats, but may also be responsible for the formation of banded iron formations (BIFs) in the Precambrian (21,22). Until now, only a few pure cultures have been known, and there is no known monophylogenetic group that specializes solely in anoxygenic phototrophic Fe(II) oxidation. Known strains are metabolically flexible and belong to various physiological groups of anoxygenic phototrophs, i.e., the purple sulfur, purple nonsulfur, and green anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (5,(23)(24)(25).For the nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidizers, most known strains cannot be maintained in culture over several transfers with nitrate

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“…Davis & McIntire (1983) found that the annual net primary production in sediments was relatively high in fine sand, but lower in silt. Billerbeck et al (2007) indicated that the photosynthetic efficiency of benthic microalgae increased in conditions of better light transmission in largegrain sediments. However, Brotas et al (2003) showed that benthic microalgae were frequently exposed to extreme conditions including supersaturating irradiance, desiccation and high salinity during emersion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ production and respiration of the benthic community during emersion on subtropical intertidal sandflats

Lee¹,

Hsieh²,

Lin³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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In situ benthic community production and respiration during emersion were measured monthly in the course of a 19 mo survey from June 2008 to December 2009 by monitoring CO(2) fluxes in benthic chambers on intertidal sandflats of a subtropical coastal wetland. Maximum gross community production (GCP(m)) and community respiration (CR) all exhibited higher values in summer and fall and lower values in spring and winter. GCP(m) and CR were positively correlated with air temperature. Temperature coefficients (Q(10)) showed that a rise of 10 degrees C would increase the GCP(m) and CR by factors of 3.72 and 4.80, respectively. GCP(m) was also positively correlated with sediment grain size and negatively correlated with the silt/clay content. CR exhibited a strong positive correlation with sediment chlorophyll a concentration and macrofaunal biomass. To provide an accurate annual budget of benthic production during emersion, corrections were considered for cloudiness and the time lag between emersion and maximum production due to vertical migration of benthic diatoms and variations in CR during nighttime emersion periods. Annual net community production (NCP) during emersion on sandflats was estimated to be 2.87 g C m(-2) yr(-1), indicating an autotrophic system. However, taking into account the variation in benthic metabolism during immersion, the subtropical intertidal sandflats shifted to a heterotrophic system, and annual NCP was calculated to be -91.47 g C m(-2) yr(-1)

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Benthic photosynthesis in submerged Wadden Sea intertidal flats

Cited by 78 publications

References 70 publications

Benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients in sublittoral fine sands in a north-western Mediterranean coastal area

Benthic fluxes of oxygen and nutrients in sublittoral fine sands in a north-western Mediterranean coastal area

Coexistence of Microaerophilic, Nitrate-Reducing, and Phototrophic Fe(II) Oxidizers and Fe(III) Reducers in Coastal Marine Sediment

In situ production and respiration of the benthic community during emersion on subtropical intertidal sandflats

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