Betaine improves growth performance by increasing digestive enzymes activities, and enhancing intestinal structure of weaned piglets

Wang, Haichao; Li, Sisi; Xu, Shuyi; Feng, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114545

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The activities of digestive enzymes are useful criteria for reflecting the capacity of digestion and metabolism ( Shih and Hsu, 2006 ). In this study, the decrease in the duodenum digestive enzyme activity with early weaning was consistent with a previous study on weaner piglets ( Fan et al., 2001 ; Wang et al, 2020a ). The data clearly suggest significantly lower activity of enzymes including trypsin, sucrase, and APN in the duodenum content of squabs in the EW group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of early weaning on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, and cytokine status in domestic pigeon squabs (Columba livia)

Wen

Zhao

et al. 2022

Poultry Science

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The aim of this study was to explore the effects of early weaning on growth performance, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, and cytokine status in domestic pigeon squabs ( Columba livia ). The conclusion is based on body weight ( BW ) and average daily gain ( ADG ), length index and weight index of small intestine, small intestinal morphology, activity of digestive enzymes in duodenum content, the concentrations of jejunal antioxidant status and cytokines. A completely randomized design with 2 treatments, the control group ( CON ) and early weaning ( EW ) group, was utilized. Eight squabs per treatment were sampled at the age of 25 d. The results showed that early weaning reduced BW ( P < 0.05), ADG ( P < 0.05), ileac length index ( P < 0.05), and weight index ( P < 0.01). Compared with the CON group, small intestinal morphology was altered in the EW group. Ileac crypt depth ( CD ) increased significantly ( P < 0.01). The villus area was decreased in the duodenum ( P < 0.05), jejunum ( P < 0.01), and ileum ( P < 0.05). The ileac ratio of villus height to crypt depth ( VCR ) in the EW group was lower than the ileac ratio of villus height to VCR in the CON group ( P < 0.01). The activity of trypsin ( P < 0.05), sucrase ( P < 0.01) and aminopeptidase-N ( APN ) ( P < 0.01) in the duodenum was reduced. Jejunal malondialdehyde ( MDA ) ( P < 0.01) was increased and total superoxide dismutase ( T-SOD ) ( P < 0.01) was reduced significantly. Early weaning decreased the concentrations of interferon-γ ( IFN-γ ) ( P < 0.01), interleukin-4 ( IL-4 ) ( P < 0.05) and interleukin-10 ( IL-10 ) ( P < 0.01) but induced significant upregulation of interleukin-2 ( IL-2 ) ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that early weaning did harm the BW and ADG, intestinal length index and weight index, intestinal morphology, activity of digestive enzymes, and antioxidant and cytokine status.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effects of early weaning on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, and cytokine status in domestic pigeon squabs (Columba livia)

Wen

Zhao

et al. 2022

Poultry Science

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“…34,35 A recent study found that dietary betaine (1.25 and 2.50 g kg −1 ) addition increased the VH and VH to CD ratio in the small intestine in weaned piglets without affecting the CD. 36 Therefore, our present study indicated that maternal betaine hydrochloride through both the nature of the osmotic and methyl group donor of betaine influences the intestinal structure of suckling piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The accumulation of betaine in the gut increases the water‐binding capacity of enterocytes, restores epithelial cell structure, and enhances the intestinal tensile strength in pigs and chickens 34,35 . A recent study found that dietary betaine (1.25 and 2.50 g kg −1 ) addition increased the VH and VH to CD ratio in the small intestine in weaned piglets without affecting the CD 36 . Therefore, our present study indicated that maternal betaine hydrochloride through both the nature of the osmotic and methyl group donor of betaine influences the intestinal structure of suckling piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betaine hydrochloride addition in Bama mini‐pigʼs diets during gestation and lactation enhances immunity and alters intestine microbiota of suckling piglets

Azad

Gao

et al. 2021

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Maternal nutrition during gestation and lactation is essential for offspringʼs health. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of betaine hydrochloride addition to sow diets during gestation and lactation on suckling pigletʼs immunity and intestine microbiota composition. Forty Bama mini‐pigs were randomly allocated into two groups and fed a basal diet (control group) and a basal diet supplemented with 3.50 kg ton−1 betaine hydrochloride (betaine group) from day 3 after mating to day 21 of lactation. After 21 days of the delivery, 12 suckling piglets from each group with similar body weight were selected for sample collection. RESULTS The results showed that maternal betaine hydrochloride addition decreased (P < 0.05) the plasma levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α in suckling piglets. Furthermore, dietary betaine hydrochloride addition in sow diets increased (P < 0.05) the villus height (VH) and VH to crypt depth ratio in the jejunum and ileum of suckling piglets. In the piglets' intestinal microbiota community, the relative abundances of Roseburia (P < 0.05) and Clostridium (P = 0.059) were lower in the betaine group compared to those in the control group. Moreover, betaine hydrochloride addition in sow diets decreased the colonic tyramine (P = 0.091) and skatole (P = 0.070) concentrations in suckling piglets. CONCLUSION Betaine hydrochloride addition in sow diets enhanced the intestinal morphology, improved immunity, and altered intestinal microbiota of suckling piglets. These findings indicated that betaine hydrochloride addition in sow diets during gestation and lactation will impact suckling piglets' health. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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“…The digestive and absorptive capacity of small intestine (SI) are inhibited after the weaning process, which finally affect the gut health and lead to a decrease of growth performance (Mcorist and Mellits 2010;Wijtten et al 2012). Recent studies have shown that diet supplemented with phytogenic ingredient as an alternative of antibiotics can improve the growth, nutrient digestibility and intestinal structure and function in weaned pigs (Zhou et al 2015;Mendoza et al 2018;Wang et al 2020). Therefore, it is important to apply a new nutritional strategy during the post-weaning period to ameliorate the intestinal development and health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet supplemented with enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. on intestinal digestive function and immunity in weaned pigs

Zhao

et al. 2020

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. (EA) on intestinal digestive function and immune capacity in weaned pigs. Firstly, a total of 300 21-day-old piglets were randomly allotted to five groups, including CON, EA1, EA2, EA3, and EA4 groups (basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 g/kg EA, respectively). At 50 days of age, the results showed that pigs in the EA3 group presented significant improvements (p < .05) of growth performance and health status when compared with those of the CON group. According to the results above, we considered 2 g/kg EA as the optimal dose for pig diets. Therefore, we selected 12 pigs from the CON and EA3 groups (n ¼ 6) at 51 days of age for further investigation in vivo. Compared with the CON group, EA3 group significantly increased (p < .05) small intestinal length of pigs, enhanced (p < .05) the activities of amylase, trypsin and Na þ-K þ-ATPase and the concentrations of glucose transporter in both jejunum and ileum. EA3 group had lower (p < .05) concentrations of interleukin 1b, interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor a in the jejunum and higher (p < .05) concentrations of interleukin 10, secretory immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in the ileum of pigs than the CON group. These results demonstrated that EA provided a dietary nutritional means to improve intestinal function of weaned pigs and 2 g/kg was the optimal dose for weaned pigs in the present study. HIGHLIGHTS Dietary supplementation with 2 g/kg enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. increased growth performance and nutrient digestibility, decreased the incidence of diarrhoea in weaned pigs. The optimal dose of enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. in weaned pigs in the current study was 2 g/kg. Enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. inclusion increased the digestive function of weaned pigs. Diet supplemented with enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. reduced the inflammation and enhanced the immunity of weaned pigs.

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Betaine improves growth performance by increasing digestive enzymes activities, and enhancing intestinal structure of weaned piglets

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of early weaning on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, and cytokine status in domestic pigeon squabs (Columba livia)

Effects of early weaning on intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, and cytokine status in domestic pigeon squabs (Columba livia)

Betaine hydrochloride addition in Bama mini‐pigʼs diets during gestation and lactation enhances immunity and alters intestine microbiota of suckling piglets

Effect of diet supplemented with enzymatically treated Artemisia annua L. on intestinal digestive function and immunity in weaned pigs

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