Betula: A Prospective Cohort Study on Memory, Health and Aging

Nilsson, Lars Göran; Adolfsson, Rolf; Bäckman, Lars; Frias, Cindy M. de; Molander, Bo; Nyberg, Lars

doi:10.1080/13825580490511026

Cited by 332 publications

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“…18 Another contribution of the present study concerns the analysis of age-related changes in different aspects of decision-making competence. The results showed that age is negatively related with working memory and episodic memory, but not with semantic memory, in accordance with previous research (e.g., Nilsson et al, 2004;Park, 2000;Park et al, 1996Park et al, , 2002Salthouse, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…As a preliminary step for testing the predictions regarding the influence of age on decision making, it was necessary to estimate a model specifying the relations between age and memory variables. Starting from the literature on memory in cognitive aging (e.g., Park, 2000;Park et al, 1996Park et al, , 2002Salthouse, 2004) and previous Betula studies (Nilsson, 2003;Nilsson et al, 1997Nilsson et al, , 2004Nyberg, 1994;Nyberg et al, 2003;Ronnlund, Nyberg, Backman & Nilsson, 2005), the candidate model assumed that working memory and episodic memory decline with age, while semantic memory was expected to be unaffected by aging.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Multifold Relationship Between Memory and Decision Making: An individual-differences study

Missier¹,

Bruin²,

Nilsson³

et al. 2012

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Several judgment and decision-making tasks are assumed to involve memory functions, but significant knowledge gaps on the memory processes underlying these tasks remain. In a study on 568 adults between 25 to 80 years, hypotheses were tested on the specific relationships between individual differences in working memory, episodic memory, and semantic memory, respectively, and six main components of decision-making competence. In line with the hypotheses, working memory was positively related with the more cognitively-demanding tasks (Resistance to Framing, Applying Decision Rules, and Under/Overconfidence), whereas episodic memory was positively associated with a more experience-based judgment task (Recognizing Social Norms). Furthermore, semantic memory was positively related with two more knowledge-based decision-making tasks (Consistency in Risk Perception and Resistance to Sunk Costs). Finally, the age-related decline observed in some of the decision-making tasks was (partially or totally) mediated by the age-related decline in working memory or episodic memory. These findings are discussed in relation to the functional roles fulfilled by different memory processes in judgment and decision-making tasks.Keywords: Judgment and decision making; Decision-making competence; Working memory; Episodic memory; Semantic memory; Cognitive aging; Individual differences. MEMORY AND DECISION MAKING 3The Multifold Relationship Between Memory and Decision Making: An Individual-differences Study Among the more promising research developments in the field of judgment and decision making is the attempt to ground judgment and decision-making processes in findings and models derived from memory research, tracing complex cognitive tasks back to their basic cognitive roots to improve the understanding of how individuals perform these tasks. Indeed, memory can play an important role in several aspects of judgment and decision-making tasks (for reviews see, e.g., Alba, Hutchinson & Lynch, 1991;Dougherty, Gronlund & Gettys, 2003;Tomlinson, Marewski & Dougherty, 2011;Weber, Goldstein & Barlas, 1995), and the age-related decline observed in some aspects of memory functioning (Park, 2000;Park et al., 1996Park et al., , 2002Salthouse, 2004) can mediate part of the age-related changes in decision-making abilities. However, the investigation of the role of memory functions in decision making has been scattered and nonsystematic, leaving various knowledge gaps about which memory functions underly specific decision-making tasks open. The study presented in this paper aims to fill some of these gaps through a systematic analysis of the relationships between individual differences in memory processes and individual differences in various aspects of decision-making competence, guided by a functional view of memory processes in decision making.In the next section, the theoretical background of the research will be presented, followed by the specific hypotheses of the study, which refer to the contribution of different memory processes to ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifold Relationship Between Memory and Decision Making: An individual-differences study

Missier¹,

Bruin²,

Nilsson³

et al. 2012

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…In general, there are 6 samples in the Betula project, of which only Sample 1 and Sample 3 have been retested over more than two waves (see Nilsson et al, 1997Nilsson et al, , 2004 for further details). For the Betula project, participants were recruited by random sampling of the population register in Umeå, Sweden, a city with a population of about 110,000 inhabitants (see .…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, we investigated whether an active lifestyle aids memory function, and also whether good memory function facilitates the maintenance of an active lifestyle, in a large population-based sample (Nilsson et al, , 2004. In this study, we focused on subtypes of two important memory systems, namely, episodic memory and semantic memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the bidirectional influences of leisure activity and memory in old people: A dissociative effect on episodic memory

Nasab

Kormi-Nouri

Nilsson

2013

British J of Psychology

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The present study examined the relationships between different types of social and cognitive activities and different types of episodic and semantic memory. A total of 794 adult men and women from five age cohorts (aged 65-85 at baseline), participating in the longitudinal Betula project on aging, memory, and health, were included in the study. The participants were studied over 10 years (1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) in threes waves. Recognition and recall were used as episodic memory tasks, and knowledge and verbal fluency as semantic memory tasks. The results, after controlling for age, gender, education and some diseases, including heart disease and hypertension, as covariates, showed unidirectional effects of social activity on episodic memory on all test occasions (β = .10). Also, episodic memory predicted change in cognitive activity for all test waves (β = .21-.22). Findings suggest that social activity can be seen as protective factor against memory decline. It also seems that episodic memory performance is a predictor of cognitive activity in old people. However, the opposite direction does not hold true.

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“…For this purpose, the memory performance of bilingual participants was compared with that of monolingual participants in a large-scale longitudinal study (i.e., Betula study, see Nilsson, et al, 1997 andNilsson, Adolfsson, Bäckman, De Frias, Molander, &Nyberg, 2004 for a detailed description of this study).…”

Section: Introduction and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilingual Memory: A Lifespan Approach

Moniri¹

2006

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Betula: A Prospective Cohort Study on Memory, Health and Aging

Cited by 332 publications

References 0 publications

The Multifold Relationship Between Memory and Decision Making: An individual-differences study

The Multifold Relationship Between Memory and Decision Making: An individual-differences study

Examination of the bidirectional influences of leisure activity and memory in old people: A dissociative effect on episodic memory

Bilingual Memory: A Lifespan Approach

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