Beyond environmental concerns: using means–end chains to explore the personal psychological values and motivations of leisure/recreational cyclists

A critical evaluation of sustainable tourism from the integrated perspective: Conducting moderated–mediation analysis

“…Additionally, evaluations from the residents' perspectives can strengthen the importance of cooperation among the local community, residents and government (Choi & Sirakaya, 2005;Hunt & Stronza, 2014). Recently, tourism studies on sustainable issues have shifted to focus on visitors' views to understand sustainable tourist consumption behavior (Cottrell, Vaske, & Roemer, 2013;Deng & Li, 2015;Ghaderi & Henderson, 2012;Ho, Liao, Huang, & Chen, 2014;Mustika, Birtles, Everingham, & Marsh, 2013). However, many existing studies continue to focus on who is responsible for environmental protection and resource management, particularly concerning environment issues (Vaughan & Ardoin, 2014).…”

Cycling in Turkey: Reasons and benefits of cycling<p>Türkiye’de bisiklet kullanımı: Bisiklet kullanma nedenleri ve elde edilen faydalar

“…Ho ve ark., (2015) bisiklet kullanıcılarının mutluluk, aidiyet, benlik saygısı, kendini gerçekleştirme gibi temel değerlere ulaşmak amacıyla bisiklet kullandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Serbest zaman/rekreasyonel bisikletçilerin bu aktiviteyle uğraşma nedeni de Maslow'un beş boyutlu İhtiyaçlar Hiyerarşisi kuramına dayalı olarak kendini gerçekleştirme düzeyindeki kişisel ihtiyaçları yerine getirmek olarak açıklanmıştır (Ho et al, 2015 …”

“…Researchers has benefited from many sociological approaches to explain the factors that motivate individuals to cycle. Ho et al, (2015) have suggested that people use bicycles to achieve fundamental values such as happiness, belonging, self-esteem, and self-realization. Based on Maslow's five dimensional Hierarchy of Needs it has been explained that leisure/recreational cyclists do this activity to fulfill personal needs on the self-realization level (Ho et al, 2015).…”

“…Cycling as a serious leisure is considered as a less organized, unstructured type of sports that informally involves weekly group trainings and participating in competitions (O'Connor & Brown, 2007). Ho et al, (2015) have stated that increased interest in environmental protection and sustainable development can increase bicycle use. In his study, Horton (2006) also states that bicycle use in the UK is an important factor in creating a society with a green vision regarding sustainability.…”

Vindicating Sustainable Leisure in Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia

“…The motivational factors include: relaxation activities, social gatherings, stimulus, exploring the physical challenge. Continuous cycling based leisure activities generate the hierarchical value map that characterizes the key relationships with experience (Ho, Liao, Huang, & Chen, 2014).…”