Beyond Moral Reasoning: A Review of Moral Identity Research and Its Implications for Business Ethics

Shao, Ruodan; Aquino, Karl; Freeman, Dan

doi:10.5840/beq200818436

Cited by 326 publications

(288 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…O instrumento se configurou com nove itens que avaliam o autoconceito do indivíduo sobre seus traços morais. Esse resultado evidencia a adequação da medida, como apontado nas pesquisas internacionais que indicam esse instrumento como o mais robusto (Jennings et al, 2015) e que ele vem trazendo resultados positivos em pesquisas que associam identidade e comportamento moral (Shao et al, 2008). A hipótese "H1.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Sugere-se que novos estudos testem as relações com construtos relacionados teoricamente, utilizando outras medidas e que sejam realizados estudos confirmató-rios da escala. O instrumento que utiliza a abordagem sociocognitiva (Aquino & Reed, 2002;Shao et al, 2008) para compreender o fenômeno da identidade moral contribui teoricamente trazendo robustez à área. Desse modo, observa-se uma contribuição tanto teórica como metodológica para os estudos de self moral no contexto brasileiro.…”

Section: Variáveisunclassified

“…Como apontado em revisão sobre o construto, a identidade moral pode ser estudada sob duas perspectivas: a de traço e a sociocognitiva (Shao, Aquino, & Freeman, 2008). O modelo de traços que aborda a identidade como um conceito central para a compreensão do funcionamento dos processos morais deriva das pesquisas de Blasi (1983Blasi ( , 1984Blasi ( , 2005, em que a identidade moral funcionaria como um conjunto de mecanismos autorregulatórios que estabeleceriam parâmetros de comportamentos morais.…”

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Escala de Identidade Moral: Evidências de Validade para o Contexto Brasileiro

Resende

Porto

2017

Psico-USF

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ResumoA identidade moral (IM) pode ser definida como o grau em que a moralidade é importante como parte da identidade de uma pessoa. Esse construto tem apresentado fortes relações com intenções e comportamentos morais, mas sua medida ainda não foi adaptada ao Brasil. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo foi encontrar evidências de validade de construto da escala de IM para o contexto brasileiro. Para tanto, foi realizada a tradução da escala de IM e posterior aplicação online junto com escalas de construtos correlatos em uma amostra de 218 pessoas. Os resultados da análise fatorial e de confiabilidade apontaram uma estrutura bifatorial (internalização e simbolização) com índices satisfatórios para a escala de IM. Foram encontradas relações com amparo, desengajamento moral e jeitinho brasileiro, de acordo com as hipóteses previstas. Conclui-se que o instrumento se constitui como uma medida relevante para identificação de características pessoais relacionadas à moralidade e à ética. Palavras-chave: identidade moral, moral, ética, amparo, validade do teste Moral Identity Scale: Validity Evidences in the Brazilian Context Abstract Moral Identity (MI) can be defined as the degree to which the morality is important as a part of a person's identity. This construct has shown strong relationships with intentions and moral behavior, but has not yet been adapted to Brazil. Thus, the study intended to find evidences of validity of the MI scale to the Brazilian context. Therefore, the MI scale was translated and applied online along with related constructs scales in a sample of 218 people. The results of the factor analysis and reliability showed a two-factor structure (internalization and symbolization) with satisfactory rates for the MI scale. Significant correlations were found with sympathy, moral disengagement and brazilian jeitinho. Therefore, the instrument is constituted as a relevant measure for identifying characteristics related to morality and ethics. Keywords: moral identity, moral, ethics, sympathy, test validity Escala de Identidad Moral: Evidencias de Validez para el Contexto Brasileño ResumenIdentidad moral (IM) puede definirse como el grado de importancia de la moralidad como parte de la identidad de una persona. Este constructo ha presentado fuertes relaciones con intenciones y comportamientos morales, pero la medida todavía no fue adaptada en Brasil. El objetivo de este artículo fue encontrar evidencias de validez del constructo de la escala de identidad moral (IM) para el contexto brasileño. Para eso, se llevó a cabo la traducción de la escala de identidad moral (IM) y posterior aplicación online junto con las escalas de constructos relacionados en una muestra de 218 personas. Los resultados del análisis factorial y la fiabilidad señalaron una estructura bifactorial (internalización y simbolización) con índices satisfactorios para la escala de IM. Fueron encontradas relaciones con apoyo, desvinculación moral y habilidad brasileña (jeitinho brasileño) de acuerdo con las hipótesis previstas. Para concluir, el in...

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Escala de Identidade Moral: Evidências de Validade para o Contexto Brasileiro

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“…Traditionally, explicit moral reasoning was argued to drive responses; however in line with the above discussion, contemporary theories are arguing for increased consideration of intuition (Cushman, Young, and Hauser 2006) and identity (Shao, Aquino, and Freeman 2008). Hatano and Oura (2003) have synthesised current theories of expertise to extend the list of key principles provided by Bransford, Brown, and Cocking (1999).…”

Section: Problem-solving Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

Situated, embodied and social problem-solving in virtual worlds

Cram¹,

Hedberg²,

Gosper³

et al. 2011

Research in Learning Technology

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Contemporary theories of problem-solving highlight that expertise is domain specific, contingent on the social context and available resources, and involves knowledge, skills, attitudes, emotions and values. Developing educational activities that incorporate all of these elements is a challenge. Through case studies, this paper outlines how situated, embodied and social problem-solving activities within virtual worlds can elicit responses that engage all facets of expertise.Keywords: problem-solving; expertise; attitudes; emotions; values IntroductionIn recent years, there have been two trends in theories of problem-solving. The first is a shift from domain-general conceptualisations of problem-solving towards domain-specific models (Jonassen 2000), which recognise that the ability to resolve unfamiliar problems is less contingent on possessing a general process of problemsolving than on being able to interpret and respond to a specific situation in effective ways. This view places an emphasis on the impact of the social and environmental context from which the problem has emerged. The second trend is that it is increasingly being recognised that problem-solving expertise is not only dependent on a person's knowledge and skills, but also relies on attitudes, values and other social factors (Hatano and Oura 2003). A challenge for educators is to develop activities that equip learners with these facets of expertise.One approach for educators is to develop contextualised problem-solving challenges that elicit both cognitive and affective responses from students. These designed experiences (Squire 2006) would involve problematic situations that encourage learners to consider the range of experiences and interpretations that emerge from social interactions. Virtual worlds offer intriguing opportunities for achieving this aim, providing a four-dimensional space in which learners can participate in a narrative to engage with and resolve problems through social interactions and use of situational resources. This paper discusses current theories and educational perspectives of expertise. Then, the potential contribution of virtual worlds is outlined and illustrated through two case studies involving a problem-solving challenge situated in an organisational setting. The analysis and discussion examines the extent that the challenge invokes responses that involve attitudinal, cognitive and social facets of expertise.

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“…In order to restore this damaged selfimage, the individual or organization could attach less importance to ethics, thus increasing the risk of further unethical behavior (cf. Shao et al 2008). Also, the greater this gap, the more combativeness is required to bridge the gap, the realization of which may lead to reduced confidence in the organization or individual's ability to close that gap.…”

Section: Ethics Gap and Combativenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Battle for Business Ethics: A Struggle Theory

Kaptein

2015

J Bus Ethics

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To be and to remain ethical requires struggle from organizations. Struggling is necessary due to the pressures and temptations management and employees encounter in and around organizations. As the relevance of struggle for business ethics has not yet been analyzed systematically in the scientific literature, this paper develops a theory of struggle that elaborates on the meaning and dimensions of struggle in organizations, why and when it is needed, and what its antecedents and consequences are. An important conclusion is that the greater the ethics gap and opposing forces, the greater the struggle required. Viewing business ethics as struggle has several implications for theory and practice.

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Beyond Moral Reasoning: A Review of Moral Identity Research and Its Implications for Business Ethics

Cited by 326 publications

References 67 publications

Escala de Identidade Moral: Evidências de Validade para o Contexto Brasileiro

Escala de Identidade Moral: Evidências de Validade para o Contexto Brasileiro

Situated, embodied and social problem-solving in virtual worlds

The Battle for Business Ethics: A Struggle Theory

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