Beyond the charge radius: The information content of the fourth radial moment

Reinhard, P.‐G.; Nazarewicz, W.; Ruiz, R. F. Garcia

doi:10.1103/physrevc.101.021301

Cited by 60 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Comparisons with direct measurements of atomic states provide a valuable benchmark to assist the extraction of nuclear structure observables with high accuracy 31,35 . In addition, the development of high-accuracy atomic calculations has the potential to probe new aspects of the atomic nucleus and its interactions [36][37][38][39][40][41] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of Outcome Measures Used in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Methodological Study

Yan

Hua

et al. 2020

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice

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This work reports on the application of a novel electric field-ionization setup for high-resolution laser spectroscopy measurements on bunched fast atomic beams in a collinear geometry. In combination with multi-step resonant excitation to Rydberg states using pulsed lasers, the field ionization technique demonstrates increased sensitivity for isotope separation and measurement of atomic parameters over previous non-resonant laser ionization methods. The setup was tested at the Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy experiment at ISOLDE-CERN to perform high-resolution measurements of transitions in the indium atom from the 5s 2 5d 2 D 5/2 and 5s 2 5d 2 D 3/2 states to 5s 2 np 2 P and 5s 2 nf 2 F Rydberg states, up to a principal quantum number of n = 72. The extracted Rydberg level energies were used to re-evaluate the ionization potential of the indium atom to be 46,670.107(4) cm −1 . The nuclear magnetic dipole and nuclear electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants and level isotope shifts of the 5s 2 5d 2 D 5/2 and 5s 2 5d 2 D 3/2 states were determined for 113,115 In. The results are compared to calculations using relativistic coupled-cluster theory. A good agreement is found with the ionization potential and isotope shifts, while disagreement of hyperfine structure constants indicates an increased importance of electron correlations in these excited atomic states. With the aim of further increasing the detection sensitivity for measurements on exotic isotopes, a systematic study of the field-ionization arrangement implemented in the work was performed at the same time and an improved design was simulated and is presented. The improved design offers increased background suppression independent of the distance from field ionization to ion detection.were not resonantly excited, allowing ion detection measurements with significantly reduced background. The experiment has so far reached a background suppression factor of 2.5 × 10 8 providing a detection sensitivity down to yields of around 20 atoms per second 25 . The main source of ion background for the technique is due to collisional re-ionization of the atom beam (often also containing a substantial amount of isobaric contamination) with residual gas atoms along the collinear laser overlap volume. For this reason, considerable effort is given to reach ultra-high vacuum pressures (<1 × 10 −9 mbar) in this laser-atom interaction region. The work reported here demonstrates that the incorporation of field ionization, previously tested on continuous atom beams [26][27][28] , can further increase the sensitivity of measurements on bunched atomic beams by also compressing the measurements into a narrow ionization volume. In addition, we show the approach has advantages for measurements of atomic parameters when combined with the multi-step pulsed narrow-band laser excitation. The sensitivity of the approach is further improved by removing the need for a powerful non-resonant laser ionization step, which often contributes substantially to the re-ionizati...

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confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of Outcome Measures Used in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Methodological Study

Yan

Hua

et al. 2020

Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice

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“…b Ground-state change in mean-squared charge radii for 96−104 Ag (in-source RIS) and 114−121 Ag (collinear laser spectroscopy). The data are compared to theoretical calculations with Fy(Δ r , Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB)) 43 , UNEDF0 41 and UNEDF2 42 EDFs. The error bars indicate the statistical error.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to investigate these qualitative observations in more detail, DFT calculations, using Fayans (Fy) 40 and UNEDF 41 , 42 Skyrme Energy Density Functionals (EDF), were performed. Recently, the effectiveness of the Fy(Δ r , HFB) 43 parameterization on reproducing total radii 14 , 35 , 36 , 44 as well as smaller odd-even variations, such as the odd-even staggering in copper 13 isotopes, was demonstrated. The (Δ r ) parametrization has furthermore demonstrated the ability to reproduce the changes of nuclear charge radii when crossing shell closures for both proton-rich calcium ( Z = 20) isotopes 44 as well as neutron-rich Sn ( Z = 50) 36 isotopes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, the DFT calculations for silver isotopes were done in a Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov framework using the Fayans functional Fy(Δ r , HFB) 43 , and two other Skyrme EDF models, UNEDF0 41 , and UNEDF2 42 . The numerical calculations, performed with the computer code HFBTHO 75 , utilizes an axially symmetric harmonic oscillator basis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of a sudden increase in the nuclear size of proton-rich silver-96

Reponen

Groote

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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Understanding the evolution of the nuclear charge radius is one of the long-standing challenges for nuclear theory. Recently, density functional theory calculations utilizing Fayans functionals have successfully reproduced the charge radii of a variety of exotic isotopes. However, difficulties in the isotope production have hindered testing these models in the immediate region of the nuclear chart below the heaviest self-conjugate doubly-magic nucleus 100Sn, where the near-equal number of protons (Z) and neutrons (N) lead to enhanced neutron-proton pairing. Here, we present an optical excursion into this region by crossing the N = 50 magic neutron number in the silver isotopic chain with the measurement of the charge radius of 96Ag (N = 49). The results provide a challenge for nuclear theory: calculations are unable to reproduce the pronounced discontinuity in the charge radii as one moves below N = 50. The technical advancements in this work open the N = Z region below 100Sn for further optical studies, which will lead to more comprehensive input for nuclear theory development.

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“…Improvements in highly sensitive detection techniques compatible with precise laser spectroscopy are required to measure the nuclear structure of the most exotic nuclei produced at radioactive beam facilities, important for developing nuclear theories 36,38,40,[107][108][109][110] . In addition, it has many potential applications, such as the separation of nuclear waste 5 , enrichment of nuclear fuel 11 , collection of nuclear isomers 9 , "ultra"-trace analysis 7 , research of nuclear-spin-dependent effects 8,10 and highly-purified nuclear decay spectroscopy 6 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser spectroscopy of indium Rydberg atom bunches by electric field ionization

Vernon

Ricketts

Billowes

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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This work reports on the application of a novel electric field-ionization setup for high-resolution laser spectroscopy measurements on bunched fast atomic beams in a collinear geometry. in combination with multi-step resonant excitation to Rydberg states using pulsed lasers, the field ionization technique demonstrates increased sensitivity for isotope separation and measurement of atomic parameters over previous non-resonant laser ionization methods. The setup was tested at the Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy experiment at ISOLDE-CERN to perform highresolution measurements of transitions in the indium atom from the 5s 2 5d 2 D 5/2 and 5s 2 5d 2 D 3/2 states to 5s 2 np 2 p and 5s 2 nf 2 F Rydberg states, up to a principal quantum number of n = 72. The extracted Rydberg level energies were used to re-evaluate the ionization potential of the indium atom to be 46, 670.107(4) cm −1. The nuclear magnetic dipole and nuclear electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants and level isotope shifts of the 5s 2 5d 2 D 5/2 and 5s 2 5d 2 D 3/2 states were determined for 113,115 In. The results are compared to calculations using relativistic coupled-cluster theory. A good agreement is found with the ionization potential and isotope shifts, while disagreement of hyperfine structure constants indicates an increased importance of electron correlations in these excited atomic states. With the aim of further increasing the detection sensitivity for measurements on exotic isotopes, a systematic study of the field-ionization arrangement implemented in the work was performed at the same time and an improved design was simulated and is presented. the improved design offers increased background suppression independent of the distance from field ionization to ion detection. The ability to separate and study small quantities of isotopes from a large ensemble without losses is the limiting factor of many experimental studies in modern nuclear physics 1-4 , as exotic isotopes of interest can often only be produced at low rates (fewer than 100s of ions per second) and their accumulation into substantial quantities is prevented by their short half-lives. Furthermore, sensitive detection or separation of small quantities of isotopes also has numerous technological applications 5-11. Fast beam collinear laser spectroscopy techniques have allowed high-precision measurements on short-lived isotopes, down to rates of fewer than 100 ions per second 3,12,13. These approaches use the Doppler compression of an accelerated atomic beam to enable high-precision laser spectroscopy measurements to be performed in a collinear geometry 14,15. This technique is now being implemented at radioactive ion beam facilities worldwide, giving a resolution of a few 10s of MHz, which is sufficient to resolve the hyperfine structure for nuclear physics studies 16-19. Motivated by a need for higher sensitivity to access exotic isotopes produced at rates lower than a few ions per second, a variation of the technique, the Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectr...

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Beyond the charge radius: The information content of the fourth radial moment

Cited by 60 publications

References 41 publications

Heterogeneity of Outcome Measures Used in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Methodological Study

Heterogeneity of Outcome Measures Used in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Methodological Study

Evidence of a sudden increase in the nuclear size of proton-rich silver-96

Laser spectroscopy of indium Rydberg atom bunches by electric field ionization

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