Bézier brushstrokes

Chua, Y. S.

doi:10.1016/0010-4485(90)90040-j

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This can be obtained simply by counting the brushstrokes in a neighborhood, and noting sizes, lengths, and broadness of the brushstrokes, as well as their broadness homogeneity, straightness, elongation and orientation. This clearly shows that morphologies are complex, even if brushstrokes can be modeled by derived surfaces such as cubic b-spline [36] or Bezier interpolation [37]. The effect of strokes seems to be multiscale [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fractal and statistical characterization of brushstroke on paintings

Bigerelle

Guibert

Mironova

et al. 2023

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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Identification of an individual artist’s touch on paintings is studied using surface metrology. Paintings’ topographies were measured using focus variation and stitching, creating 13 x 13 mm maps with 1 µm sampling intervals, and 169 megapixels, with a 10X objective lens. Topographic characterization parameters were analyzed for their ability to differentiate different painters’ renderings. Statistical treatments from data mining were used to discriminate, by optimization, multiscale topographic signatures characterized by a multitude of areal texture parameters. It appears that a fractal dimension can define 3 characteristic scale ranges. One from 3 to 70 µm corresponds to brushstroke details. Another, from 70 to 700 µm, corresponds to the topography of the material of the canvas fabric. Finally, scales greater than 700 µm correspond to undulations of the canvas. For scales less than 50 µm, the fractal structure of the topography left by brushstrokes follows a power law characterized by the slopes of the topography. The topography of the clouds painted on the canvas has an Sdq (topographic slopes) increasing with the clarity of the clouds at scales of 3-500 µm. According to the Torrance-Sparrow theory, the higher the Sdq, the more diffuse the light on the surface. The painter therefore wanted to show, by his brushstroke, that the light clouds diffuse more light giving an impression of local brightness. This study is confirmed by the analysis of the painting of Max Savy, a French painter from Carcassonne (1918-2009), which was measured with a white light interferometer Zygo NewView 7300, a X100 objective lens giving a 517 µm x 517 µm stitched surface, with a sampling interval of 0.109 µm. The box-counting method for estimating the fractal dimension of the topography of an oil painting appears optimal by the fact that it morphologically integrates scale variations of the local slopes of the surface morphology. This method thus characterizes the multiscale aspects, as well as the scale changes, of the topography.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fractal and statistical characterization of brushstroke on paintings

Bigerelle

Guibert

Mironova

et al. 2023

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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“…Several stroke representations, such as parametric curves [Sio90a,Pud94a], elliptical arcs [Com15a], line segments [Str86a], and raster image [Whi83a], have been proposed. These representations allow translation from physical to digital medium.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Rendering with eXpressive B-Spline Curves

Seah¹,

Tandianus²,

Sui³

2023

Computer Science Research Notes

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eXpressive B-Spline Curve (XBSC) is a resolution-independent and computationally efficient technique for vector-based stroke modeling and rendering with the flexibility in defining and adjusting the shape and other parameters of the stroke. It generalizes the existing Disk B-Spline Curve (DBSC) geometric representation, which itself is a generalization of the Disk Bézier curve. XBSC allows flexible shape and color manipulation and rendering of strokes with asymmetrical shape control and rich color management. These properties make XBSC suitable for modeling freeform stroke shapes and animation, specifically in squash and stretch, a common technique to bestow elasticity and flexibility in shape changes. During the squash and stretch animation computation, we constrain the shape of the XBSC stroke to conserve its area. To achieve this, we apply the simulated annealing algorithm to iteratively adjust the XBSC while maintaining its area. We show several drawings, rendering and deformation examples to demonstrate the robustness of XBSC.

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“…Whitted [1] uses raster image to represent a stroke, which requires larger storage space and is not flexible for manipulation. Steve Strassmann [4], Pudet [2] and Yap Siong Chua [5] represent brushstrokes by describing their outlines in linear, parametric curves like Bézier or B-spline. Siu Chi Hsu, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artistic brushstroke representation and animation with disk b-spline curve

Seah

Tian

et al. 2005

Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology

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A novel modeling and representation approach for brushstroke and animation is proposed in this paper based on disk B-spline curve (DBSC). This method represents not only the 2D region of the stroke but also its centerline so that various attributes like scalar and vector field can be applied to the stroke. Given two or more animation drawings represented by DBSC, the intermediate frames can be automatically generated to form a smoother sequence, either linearly or non-linearly. Moreover, compared to other models like polygon and triangle mesh, DBSC allows more flexible manipulation of brushstroke. With smaller dataset, DBSC has advantages to store and transmit the model across the network thus may be suitable to online games and animation.

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Bézier brushstrokes

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Fractal and statistical characterization of brushstroke on paintings

Fractal and statistical characterization of brushstroke on paintings

Modeling and Rendering with eXpressive B-Spline Curves

Artistic brushstroke representation and animation with disk b-spline curve

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