Bifunctional Ti4+-modified paper for selective extraction or removal of phospholipids and paper spray mass spectrometry for bioanalysis in urine and plasma

Emergency diagnosis made easy: matrix removal and analyte enrichment from raw saliva using paper-arrow mass spectrometry

“…These include supramolecular solvent microextraction from urine, 56 membrane-based matrix removal from human biofluids, 57 Nafion as a coating for cation exchange to enhance desalting, 58 and chemically functionalised paper substrates to favour extraction of certain chemical classes. 59,60 Although these promising approaches can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of biomolecule quantitation, they also require longer sample processing times (typically ≥∼20 min) as well as additional equipment and/or materials, which compromise the convenience and simplicity of PS.…”