Big Data Research in the Field of Endocrine Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database

Cho, Sun Wook; Kim, Jung Hee; Choi, Han Seok; Ahn, Hwa Young; Kim, Mee Kyoung; Rhee, Eun-Jung

doi:10.3803/enm.2023.102

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 [ 12 ]. CVD was defined as prior myocardial infarction (I21, I22) or prior stroke (I63, I64) diagnosed as ICD-10 codes in one or more inpatient or outpatient records within 3 years before the index date [ 13 , 14 ]. For example, a person who used insulin concurrently with CKD had a diabetes severity score of 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary study outcome was a new active TB diagnosis, which was defined using the rare intractable disease (RID) registration codes for TB (V206, V246, and V000). The South Korean government has operated a RID registration program (V-code) in serious and costly long-term diseases such as TB to control the disease effectively [ 13 , 14 ]. Therefore, patients who had the TB-specific V-codes under RID program registration were offered up to 90–100% copayment reduction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diabetes severity is strongly associated with the risk of active tuberculosis in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study with a 6-year follow-up

2023

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Background Many have the rising coincidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and endemic tuberculosis (TB). We evaluated whether the severity of diabetes is associated with an increased risk of active TB infection. Methods Using a nationally representative database from the Korean National Health Insurance System, 2, 489, 718 people with type 2 DM who underwent a regular health checkup during 2009–2012 were followed up until the end of 2018. The diabetes severity score parameters included the number of oral hypoglycemic agents (≥ 3), insulin use, diabetes duration (≥ 5 years), and the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or cardiovascular disease. Each of these characteristics was scored as one point, and their sum (0–5) was used as the diabetes severity score. Results We identified 21, 231 cases of active TB during a median follow-up of 6.8 years. Each parameter of the diabetes severity score was associated with an increased risk of active TB (all P < 0.001). Insulin use was the most significant factor related to the risk of TB, followed by CKD. The risk of TB increased progressively with increasing diabetes severity score. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for TB were 1.23 (1.19–1.27) in participants with one parameter, 1.39 (1.33–1.44) in those with two parameters, 1.65 (1.56–1.73) in those with three parameters, 2.05 (1.88–2.23) in those with four parameters, and 2.62 (2.10–3.27) in those with five parameters compared with participants with no parameters. Conclusion Diabetes severity was strongly associated in a dose-dependent manner with the occurrence of active TB. People with a higher diabetes severity score may be a targeted group for active TB screening.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes severity is strongly associated with the risk of active tuberculosis in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study with a 6-year follow-up

2023

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“…We analyzed the Korean National Health Information Database (NHID), which combines information obtained from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) collected for claims and reimbursement as well as the results of general health examinations provided to all Korean adults 12,13 . NHIS is a non-pro t, single-payer health care organization administered by the government of South Korea that covers virtually all Koreans (approximately 97% of the Korean population is enrolled in the National Health Insurance program, while 3% is covered by medical aid programs).…”

Section: Study Design and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative effect of impaired fasting glucose on the risk of dementia in middle-aged and elderly people: a nationwide cohort study

Lee

Kim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The relationship between prediabetes and dementia remains controversial. We aimed to examine the association between cumulative exposure to impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and the risk of dementia in the general population. 1,463,066 middle-aged and elderly subjects who had had health examinations for four consecutive years were identified from a Korean nationwide population-based cohort database. IFG was defined as fasting blood glucose 100–125 mg/dL, and the risk of dementia—according to the number of IFG exposure (range 0–4)—was analyzed using the multivariable Cox proportional-hazards model. During the median 6.4 years of follow-up, 7,614 cases of all-cause dementia, 5,603 cases of Alzheimer’s disease, and 1,257 cases of vascular dementia occurred. There was a significant trend towards a higher risk of all-cause dementia (P for trend = 0.014) and Alzheimer’s disease (P for trend = 0.005) according to the cumulative exposure to IFG, but with a modest (approximately 7 to 14%) increase in the hazards. A significant stepwise increase in the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer’s disease was seen in non-obese subjects, whereas no significant association was observed in obese subjects. This study supports the association between prediabetes and incident dementia and emphasizes that even mild hyperglycemia should not be overlooked.

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“…Cushing's syndrome (E24.2, E24.8, E24.9) and hyperprolactinemia (E221) were excluded from the analysis. The use of these ICD-10 codes was based on a recently proposed big data research methodology using the Korean National Health Information Database (10). Comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes, COPD or asthma, and liver cirrhosis, were de ned as having at least one claim in either outpatient, inpatient, or both settings using appropriate ICD-10 codes within one year prior to COVID-19 con rmation.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Diseases and COVID-19 Outcomes in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Kim

Lim

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The pituitary gland is either directly or indirectly impacted by SARS-CoV-2 infection. As a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction or pituitary apoplexy can occur. This study aimed to investigate severe COVID-19 outcomes and COVID-19-related mortality in patients with underlying pituitary disease in Korea using a nationwide cohort database. Methods Data required for this study were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of Korea. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection between January 2020 and December 2021 were divided into the following three groups and analyzed: Group A, those who were hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection without underlying pituitary disease (n = 725,170); Group B, those who were hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection with underlying pituitary disease without exposure to systemic steroids (n = 1,509); Group C, patients with underlying pituitary disease and exposure to systemic steroids (n = 365). Differences in severe COVID-19, requirement for oxygen therapy, intensive care unit admission, application of invasive ventilation or use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and COVID-19-related death between groups were then analyzed. Results Group C had the highest rates of hospitalization after COVID-19 infection (82.2%) and mortality within 30 days of infection (6.8%). Group B had 1.3-fold increase in severe COVID-19 outcome compared to Group A. Group C had 1.8-fold and 1.3-fold increase in severe COVID-19 outcome compared to Group A and Group B, respectively. Group C also had 2.34 and 3.24 times higher mortality rate within 30 days of COVID-19 infection than in Group A and Group B, respectively. Conclusion In conclusion, patients with pituitary disease who are receiving systemic steroids have poorer outcomes and higher mortality associated with COVID-19. Therefore, thorough COVID-19 infection control is required in these patients.

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Big Data Research in the Field of Endocrine Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database

Cited by 23 publications

References 87 publications

Diabetes severity is strongly associated with the risk of active tuberculosis in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study with a 6-year follow-up

Diabetes severity is strongly associated with the risk of active tuberculosis in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study with a 6-year follow-up

Cumulative effect of impaired fasting glucose on the risk of dementia in middle-aged and elderly people: a nationwide cohort study

Pituitary Diseases and COVID-19 Outcomes in South Korea: A Nationwide Cohort Study

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