BIGGER ORGANS and ELEPHANT EAR-LIKE LEAF1 control organ size and floral organ internal asymmetry in pea

Li, Xin; Liu, Wei; Zhuang, Lili; Zhu, Yang; Wang, Fang; Chen, Tao; Yang, Jun; Ambrose, M.; Hu, Zhubing; Weller, James L.; Luo, Da

doi:10.1093/jxb/ery352

Cited by 35 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Interestingly, loss-offunction of PPD orthologs in legume Medicago truncatula and legume soybean increases seed size and weight as well as leaf size 40 . In pea, mutations in the PPD ortholog ELEPHANT-EAR-LIKE LEAF 1 or the KIX ortholog BIGGER ORGANS cause large flowers and leaves 49 . In rice, overexpression of OsGIF1 results in large grains, leaves, and stems, while suppression of OsGIF1 leads to small grains and organs 16,17 .…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional repression of GIF1 by the KIX-PPD-MYC repressor complex controls seed size in Arabidopsis

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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Seed size is a key agronomic trait that greatly determines plant yield. Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying seed size regulation is also an important question in developmental biology. Here, we show that the KIX-PPD-MYC-GIF1 pathway plays a crucial role in seed size control in Arabidopsis thaliana. Disruption of KIX8/9 and PPD1/2 causes large seeds due to increased cell proliferation and cell elongation in the integuments. KIX8/9 and PPD1/2 interact with transcription factors MYC3/4 to form the KIX-PPD-MYC complex in Arabidopsis. The KIX-PPD-MYC complex associates with the typical G-box sequence in the promoter of GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (GIF1), which promotes seed growth, and represses its expression. Genetic analyses support that KIX8/9, PPD1/2, MYC3/4, and GIF1 function in a common pathway to control seed size. Thus, our results reveal a genetic and molecular mechanism by which the transcription factors MYC3/4 recruit KIX8/9 and PPD1/2 to the promoter of GIF1 and repress its expression, thereby determining seed size in Arabidopsis.

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Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional repression of GIF1 by the KIX-PPD-MYC repressor complex controls seed size in Arabidopsis

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

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“…Here, we demonstrate that the tomato orthologs of KIX8 and KIX9 act as TPL adaptors for PPD proteins as well and, thereby, regulate leaf growth in tomato, a model species of the asterid clade that also includes tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), carrot (Daucus carota) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). In the rosid species Arabidopsis and pea, the interaction between KIX and PPD proteins is described to occur through the N-terminal KIX and PPD domain, respectively (Gonzalez et al, 2015;Li et al, 2019). This is likely to be the case in tomato as well, in which the KIX and PPD proteins display a similar domain structure.…”

Section: Kix8 and Kix9 Are Conserved Regulators Of Leaf Growth In Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In multiple eudicot species that belong to the rosid order of Fabales, orthologs of the KIX and PPD proteins have been reported to negatively regulate seed pod size (Ge et al, 2016;Kanazashi et al, 2018;Li et al, 2019;Naito et al, 2017). To examine whether the KIX proteins might also have a role in determining tomato fruit size in the asterid model species tomato, we investigated whether the development of reproductive organs was affected in tomato kix8 kix9 mutants.…”

Section: Tomato Kix8 Kix9 Mutants Produce Bigger Tomato Fruitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Arabidopsis, the asymmetric cell division of meristemoids, which are precursor cells of the stomatal lineage, positively affects final leaf size and is restricted by a transcriptional repressor complex in which the co-repressor TPL is recruited to PPD2 by KIX8/KIX9 (Gonzalez et al, 2015;White, 2006). Members of this repressor complex were shown to regulate leaf size and shape in a variety of species that belong to different orders of the rosids (Ge et al, 2016;Gonzalez et al, 2015;Kanazashi et al, 2018;Li et al, 2019;Naito et al, 2017), suggesting that the repressor complex is a conserved regulator of leaf growth among rosid eudicots. Here, we demonstrate that the tomato orthologs of KIX8 and KIX9 act as TPL adaptors for PPD proteins as well and, thereby, regulate leaf growth in tomato, a model species of the asterid clade that also includes tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), carrot (Daucus carota) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus).…”

Section: Kix8 and Kix9 Are Conserved Regulators Of Leaf Growth In Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several eudicot members, in which orthologs of the PPD or KIX genes were mutated or downregulated, including Medicago truncatula, soybean (Glycine max), blackgram (Vigna mungo), and pea (Pisum sativum), produced enlarged leaves (Ge et al, 2016;Kanazashi et al, 2018;Li et al, 2019;Naito et al, 2017). Moreover, overexpression of SAP orthologs in poplar (Populus trichocarpa) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) also increased leaf size (Townsley et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2018;Yordanov et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SlKIX8 and SlKIX9 are negative regulators of leaf and fruit growth in tomato

Swinnen

Baekelandt

Clercq

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Short title: KIX8 and KIX9 control tomato organ size Summary Plant organ size and shape are major agronomic traits that depend on cell division and expansion, which are tightly regulated by complex gene networks. In several eudicot species belonging to the rosid clade, organ growth is controlled by a repressor complex consisting of PEAPOD (PPD) and KINASE-INDUCIBLE DOMAIN INTERACTING (KIX) proteins. Whether the function of these proteins as regulators of organ size is conserved in asterids as well, which together with the rosids constitute most of the core eudicot species, is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that KIX8 and KIX9 redundantly regulate organ growth in the asterid model species tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).Protein interaction assays in yeast revealed that KIX8 and KIX9 act as molecular bridges between the PPD repressor and TOPLESS co-repressor proteins. We found that CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing of KIX8 and KIX9 led to the production of enlarged, domeshaped leaves and that these leaves exhibited increased expression of putative PPD target genes. Moreover, the kix8 kix9 mutants carried bigger fruits with increased pericarp thickness. Our results show that KIX8 and KIX9 are conserved regulators of organ size in distinct eudicot species and can thus provide strategies to improve yield in fruit crops.

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Functional Genomic and Genetic Studies of Organ Size Control in Medicago truncatula: An Overview

Zhang

Chen

2022

The Medicago Truncatula Genome

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BIGGER ORGANS and ELEPHANT EAR-LIKE LEAF1 control organ size and floral organ internal asymmetry in pea

Cited by 35 publications

References 49 publications

Transcriptional repression of GIF1 by the KIX-PPD-MYC repressor complex controls seed size in Arabidopsis

Transcriptional repression of GIF1 by the KIX-PPD-MYC repressor complex controls seed size in Arabidopsis

SlKIX8 and SlKIX9 are negative regulators of leaf and fruit growth in tomato

Functional Genomic and Genetic Studies of Organ Size Control in Medicago truncatula: An Overview

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