Bilateral infectious epididymitis in a stallion

Orchitis, epididymitis and pampiniform phlebitis in a stallion

“…Ultrasonography of the affected epididymis using a 5 or 7.5 MHz transducer may aid in differentiating epididymitis from other causes of scrotal enlargement. In reported cases of epididymitis, the epididymis appeared enlarged, and contained a distinct hypoechoic area, consistent with oedema (Held et al 1990;Brinsko et al 1992;Kasaback et al 1999). The epididymis may also appear hypoechoic in relation to the testis in chronic cases of epididymitis not associated with orchitis (Traub-Dargatz et al 1991).…”

“…Although eipididymitis occurs most commonly concurrently with orchitis, primary epididymitis is a rare cause of scrotal enlargement in the horse (Held et al 1990;Brinsko et al 1992;DeVries 1993). In man, epididymitis is usually infectious and results from an ascending sexually transmitted disease or urinary tract infection, or through haematogenous spread.…”

“…The most frequent clinical signs seen in horses with epididymitis include signs of colic, signs of pain during palpation of the scrotum and its contents, a palpably enlarged epididymis, infertility, scrotal enlargement and fever (Held et al 1990;Traub-Dargatz et al 1991;Brinsko et al 1992;Kasaback et al 1999). Ultrasonography of the affected epididymis using a 5 or 7.5 MHz transducer may aid in differentiating epididymitis from other causes of scrotal enlargement.…”

Bilateral epididymal nodules in a stallion

“…There have been few reports of epididymal pathologies in stallions (Blue and McEntee 1985;Held et al 1989Held et al , 1990Held et al , 1992Traub-Dargatz et al 1991;Brinsko et al 1992). Lesions are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and are associated with various clinical symptoms such as pain, scrotal oedema and gross enlargement of the epididymis.…”

“…Epididymal abnormalities in stallions appear to be rare. Pathologies identified include epididymitis, granuloma and neoplasia (Blue and McEntee 1985;Held et al 1989Held et al , 1990Held et al , 1992Traub-Dargatz et al 1991;Brinsko et al 1992). These lesions may have a detrimental effect on a stallion's fertility and treatment is often unsuccessful.…”