Bilateral Motor Interaction: Perceptual-Motor Performance of Partial and Complete “Split-Brain” Patients

Preilowski, Bruno

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66204-1_9

Cited by 85 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Anatomical and physiological (Hubel and Wiesel, 1967;Gross and Mishkin, 1977;Innocenti, 1980) studies support a basic similarity between these 2 sets of connections. Developmental considerations point to the same conclusion (Innocenti, 1986 et al., 1975;Kunzle, 1976;Goldman and Nauta, 1977;Rockland and Pandya, 1979;Fitzpatrick and Imig, 1980;Caminiti and Sbriccoli, 1985;see, however, Killackey et al, 1983) and association (Jones et al, 1975;Goldman and Nauta, 1977;WongRiley, 1979;Rockland and Pandya, 1979;Goldman-Rakic and Schwartz, 1982) fibers is stripe-like. In some fields these callosal and association terminal stripes interdigitate (Jones et al, 1979;Goldman-Rakic and Schwartz, 1982).…”

supporting

confidence: 60%

“…Furthermore, in tests devised for ipsilateral motor control, these patients were unable to replicate with one hand postures assumed by the other hand (Bogen, 1979) or to mimic with the left hand postures flashed to the left hemisphere (Gazzaniga et al, 1967). Probably more relevant to our discussion is the evidence of long-term motor deficits in split-brain patients, who were unable to perform complex bimanual tasks requiring interdependent sequencing of hand movements (Preilowsky, 1975;Zaidel and Sperry, 1977). It can be affirmed that frontal motor fields, together with the callosal connections originating in the hand representations of Sl and S2 (Caminiti et al, 1979;Manzoni et al, 1984Manzoni et al, , 1986) and area 5 (Caminiti and Sbriccoli, 1985;and this study), are an important segment of the distributed system that controls intermanual transfer.…”

Section: Lack Of Bifurcated Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Segregation and overlap of callosal and association neurons in frontal and parietal cortices of primates: a spectral and coherency analysis

et al. 1989

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The spatial relations between selected classes of association and callosal neurons were studied in the frontal and parietal lobes of the macaque monkey using retrogradely transported fluorescent dyes. Fast blue and nuclear yellow were injected in the left frontal (areas 4 and 6) and right posterior parietal (area 5) cortices, respectively. These injections led to the retrograde labeling, in the right frontal cortex, of callosal neurons projecting homotopically and association neurons projecting to ipsilateral area 5; in the left superior parietal lobule, of callosal neurons projecting to contralateral area 5 and association neurons projecting to the ipsilateral frontal lobe. In both frontal and parietal cortices, callosal and association neurons were located in layers III and V-VI; a few neurons were also found in layer II. The contribution of layers V-VI to the callosum was significantly higher in areas 4 and 6 than in area 5. Only a small number of neurons (less than 1%) were double labeled. Spectral analyses were used to characterize the spatial periodicities of the distributions of callosal and association neurons. In areas 4, 6, and 5, both association and callosal spectra were dominated by a strong elevation in the range of low spatial frequencies, corresponding to periodicities in cell density with a peak-to-peak distance of about 8 mm. This indicated an arrangement of these corticocortical cells in the form of bands. The latter displayed various shapes and orientations and were composed of more discrete assemblies of cell clusters of about 400–1000 microns width. Their presence was revealed in the power spectra by a small elevation in the range of high spatial frequencies. The coherency analysis assessed the degree of linear relationships for each spatial frequency, and therefore the degree of similarity, between callosal and association cell distributions, together with their phase relations. Little coherency was found in areas 4 and 6 between bands of callosal and association neurons, which suggests that the 2 cell populations are differently and independently distributed in the tangential domain, with no simple phase relations. The overall mean coherency was higher in area 5 than in the frontal cortex: callosal and association bands were more similar in shape, with more extensive zones of overlap. These data indicate that callosal and association neurons share common principles of spatial organization despite the great regional variability of their interrelations in the tangential cortical domain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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supporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Lack Of Bifurcated Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Segregation and overlap of callosal and association neurons in frontal and parietal cortices of primates: a spectral and coherency analysis

et al. 1989

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“…This is in disagreement with a previous work showing the importance of posterior corpus callosum in bimanual coordination (Eliassen et al, 2000); however, whereas visual information was used in this experimental paradigm, in our study, subjects performed acoustically paced motor tasks without any visual facilitation. Furthermore, it was found that visual and visuospatial integration is disrupted by posterior callosotomy (Gazzaniga and Freedman, 1973;Sidtis et al, 1981;Volpe et al, 1982;Risse et al, 1989;Eliassen et al, 1999;Marzi et al, 1999), whereas timing coordination is altered by anterior callosotomy (Preilowski, 1972(Preilowski, , 1975Eliassen et al, 1999). Also, the evaluation of the crossed-uncrossed difference in simple reaction times with visual stimuli, to measure the interhemispheric transmission time, cannot be extended to auditory stimuli because there is an almost simultaneous access of auditory information to both hemispheres (Iacoboni and Zaidel, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Callosal Contributions to Simultaneous Bimanual Finger Movements

Tacchino²,

et al. 2008

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Corpus callosum (CC) is involved in the performance of bimanual motor tasks. We asked whether its functional role could be investigated by combining a motor behavioral study on bimanual movements in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with a quantitative magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis of CC, which is shown to be damaged in this disease. MS patients and normal subjects were asked to perform sequences of bimanual finger opposition movements at different metronome rates; then we explored the structural integrity of CC by means of DTI. Significant differences in motor performance, mainly referred to timing accuracy, were observed between MS patients and control subjects. Bimanual motor coordination was impaired in MS patients as shown by the larger values of the interhand interval observed at all the tested metronome rates with respect to controls. Furthermore, DTI revealed a significant reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA), indicative of microstructural tissue damage, in the CC of MS patients. By correlating the mean FA values with the different motor behavior parameters, we found that the degree of damage in the anterior callosal portions mainly influences the bimanual coordination and, in particular, the movement phase preceding the finger touch. Finally, the described approach, which correlates quantitative measures of tissue damage obtained by advanced magnetic resonance imaging tools with appropriate behavioral measurements, may help the exploration of different aspects of motor performance impairment attributable to the disease.

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“…Such signals are thought to be absent prior to movement initiation but evolve during the execution process (for details, see Spijkers and Heuer 2004). It has previously been suggested that interference between such execution signals might originate from uncrossed fibers in the pyramidal tract (e.g., Preilowski 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimanual Interference in Rapid Discrete Movements Is Task Specific and Occurs at Multiple Levels of Processing

Goodale¹

2005

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Obhi, Sukhvinder S. and Melvyn A. Goodale. Bimanual interference in rapid discrete movements is task specific and occurs at multiple levels of processing . J Neurophysiol 94: 1861-1868, 2005. First published May 25, 2005 10.1152/jn.00320.2005. It has been suggested that interference in symbolically cued bimanual reaction time tasks is caused primarily by the perceptual processing of stimuli and not by motor preparation of the required movements. Here subjects made movements of the right and left index fingers that varied in their spatial and motor congruence. Spatial congruence was manipulated by presenting symbolic cues (i.e., pairs of letters) on a computer screen cueing the required movement directions. Motor congruence was manipulated by altering hand orientation. Results showed that interference occurs at both the stage of stimulus processing and the stage of motor preparation. These effects were reflected in the latencies of the different bimanual movements with both motor incongruence and spatial incongruence causing significant increases in reaction time. However, spatially incongruent movements that were made in response to incongruent visual cues demonstrated changes in reaction time that were more than double those of movements that required simultaneous activation of nonhomologous muscles. Therefore in symbolically cued bimanual reaction-time tasks, although both motor and spatial constraints operate, there is a clear dominance of spatial incongruence on performance. While motor congruence effects are likely due to cross-facilitation in corticospinal pathways, spatial incongruence effects are probably due to interference between the mechanisms that identify incongruent stimuli and translate these cues into the appropriate movements.

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Bilateral Motor Interaction: Perceptual-Motor Performance of Partial and Complete “Split-Brain” Patients

Cited by 85 publications

References 21 publications

Segregation and overlap of callosal and association neurons in frontal and parietal cortices of primates: a spectral and coherency analysis

Segregation and overlap of callosal and association neurons in frontal and parietal cortices of primates: a spectral and coherency analysis

Callosal Contributions to Simultaneous Bimanual Finger Movements

Bimanual Interference in Rapid Discrete Movements Is Task Specific and Occurs at Multiple Levels of Processing

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