“…Scapular winging, instability, or dyskinesia can have a multitude of etiologies; these most commonly are due to direct neurologic injury to key nerves 4 , 16 , 19 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 29 or muscular wasting, such as in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. 1 , 2 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 , 3 , 31 , 33 , 5 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 14 Bony deformities including rib or scapular osteochondromas in multiple hereditary exostoses, glenoid instability, or scapular dislocations have also been indicated as causes. 13 , 15 , 16 , 19 , 22 , 29 If initial management of physical therapy and bracing fail to adequately resolve symptoms and prevent scapular winging, different surgical options can be considered.…”