Bilberry juice modulates plasma concentration of NF-κB related inflammatory markers in subjects at increased risk of CVD

Karlsen, Anette; Paur, Ingvild; Bøhn, Siv Kjølsrud; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Borge, Grethe Iren A.; Serafini, Mauro; Erlund, Iris; Laake, Petter; Tonstad, Serena; Blomhoff, Rune

doi:10.1007/s00394-010-0092-0

Cited by 187 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In other trials, the consumption of bilberries as either juice, anthocyanin-rich extract or in conjunction with other kind of berries induced no effect on total cholesterol [10,[12][13][14][15]. In accordance with the present findings, Qin et al reported a suppressed LDL-cholesterol response to an extract of mixed anthocyanins from bilberry and blackcurrant (320 mg/day) given to dyslipidemic subjects for 12 weeks [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Bilberries (vaccinuim myrtillus) and blackcurrants (ribes nigrum) are food sources that are particularly rich in bioavailable anthocyanins and flavonols [6,7]. Moreover, the relative antioxidant activity of anthocyanins and flavonols in bilberries and blackcurrants is especially high [8] and several studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of these berries on antioxidant status and low-grade inflammation [9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphenol-Rich Bilberry Ameliorates Total Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol when Implemented in the Diet of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Brader¹,

Overgaard²,

Christensen³

et al. 2013

Rev Diabet Stud

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■ AbstractBACKGROUND: Bilberries and blackcurrants are nutrient sources rich in bioactive components, including dietary fibers, polyphenols, and anthocyanins, which possess potent cardiovascular protective properties. Few studies investigating the cardio-protective effects of natural components have focused on whole bilberries or blackcurrants. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this trial was to investigate whether a diet enriched with bilberries or blackcurrants has beneficial effects on glucose metabolism, lipid profile, blood pressure, and expression of genes related to glucose and lipid metabolism. METHODS: Male Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats (n = 48) were randomly assigned to either a control, bilberryenriched, blackcurrant-enriched, or fiber-enriched diet for 8 weeks ad libitum. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis was performed on liver, adipose, and muscle tissue. Berry polyphenol content was determined by HPLC and LC-MS analysis. RESULTS: Bilberry enrichment reduced total (-21%, p = 0.0132) and LDL-cholesterol (-60%, p = 0.0229) levels, but increased HDL-cholesterol to a lesser extent than in controls. This may partly be due to the altered hepatic liver X receptor-α expression (-24%, p < 0.001). Neither bilberries nor blackcurrants influenced glucose metabolism or blood pressure. Nevertheless, transcriptional analysis implied a better conservation of hepatic and adipocyte insulin sensitivity by bilberry enrichment. Anthocyanins constituted 91% and 87% of total polyphenol content in bilberries and blackcurrants, respectively. However, total anthocyanin content (3441 mg/100 g) was 4-fold higher in bilberries than in blackcurrants (871 mg/100 g). CONCLUSIONS: Bilberry consumption ameliorated total and LDL-cholesterol levels, but not HDL-cholesterol levels in ZDF rats. Neither bilberry nor blackcurrant enrichment delayed the development of diabetes or hypertension. Thus, in rats, bilberries may be valuable as a dietary preventive agent against hypercholesterolemia, probably by virtue of their high anthocyanin content.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol-Rich Bilberry Ameliorates Total Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol when Implemented in the Diet of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Brader¹,

Overgaard²,

Christensen³

et al. 2013

Rev Diabet Stud

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“…To our knowledge, we demonstrate for the first time that BE reduces in a dose-dependent manner the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators, CRP, MCP-1 and IL-1β from lipid-loaded macrophages. The data are in good agreement with a recent study showing that the consumption of bilberry juice modulates the plasma concentration of NF-κB related inflammatory markers, like CRP, IL-6, IL-15, and monokine induced by interferon-γ (MIG) in human subjects at risk for cardiovascular disease [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Bilberries exert an anti-atherosclerotic effect in lipid-loaded macrophages

Niculescu¹,

Sanda

Simiónescu³

et al. 2013

Open Life Sciences

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We hypothesized that the mechanism responsible for the anti-atherosclerotic action of bilberry extract (BE) is linked to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, and investigated its direct effect on the regulation of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) secretion from lipid-loaded macrophages. Human THP-1 macrophages were loaded with lipids by incubation with human copper-oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and then exposed to different concentrations of BE (1–5 µg mL−1) obtained from bilberries (mechanically homogenized and solubilized in ethanol). Cellular and secreted proteins, the phosphorylation level of NF-κB and protein kinase A (PKA) were quantified by Western blot and gene expression was evaluated by Real-time PCR. The results showed that BE induced in lipid-loaded macrophages has: (i) an antioxidant effect by reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits, p22phox, p47phox and NOX4, (ii) an anti-inflammatory effect by diminishing the secretion of CRP, MCP-1 and IL-1β and (iii) cholesterol efflux by increasing the secretion of apoE and CETP and by reducing cellular cholesterol content. BE exerted these effects by inhibition of NF-κB and activation of PKA signaling pathways. Our study supports BE therapeutic administration to decrease oxidative and inflammatory stress by a molecular mechanism regulated by NF-κB and PKA signaling pathways in lipid-loaded macrophages.

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“…Additionally, the blueberry contains a variety of phenolic compounds with high antioxidant capacity (Može et al 2011). Anthocyanins are believed to be the key bioactive compounds responsible for the many reported health benefits of blueberries and also other fruits (Karlsen et al 2010;He and Giusti 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of pulsed electric field in the production of juice and extraction of bioactive compounds from blueberry fruits and their by-products

et al. 2014

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The influence of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) pretreatment of blueberry fruits (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), both on the extraction yield and antioxidant properties of juice obtained by pressing and on the on the recovery of bioactive compounds from berry by-products (press cake) by extraction with solvent, was investigated. PEF treatments carried out at field strengths of 1, 3, and 5 kV/cm and an energy input of 10 kJ/kg achieved a cell disintegration index (Z p ) of 0.70, 0.80, and 0.87, respectively. Mechanical pressing (1.32 bar for 8 min) of PEF-treated berries (1, 3, and 5 kV/cm at 10 kJ/kg) significantly increased the juice yield (+28 %) compared with the untreated sample. The juice obtained from PEF pre-treated berries also had a significantly higher total phenolic content (+ 43 %), total anthocyanin content (+60 %) and antioxidant activity (+31 %). However, PEF treatment intensity higher than 1 kV/cm did not significantly improve the quantitative or qualitative characteristics of the juice. Compared to the untreated sample, higher amounts of total phenolics (+ 63 %), total athocyanins (+78 %) and antioxidant activity (+ 65 %) were detected in the press cake extracts. PEF treatment of higher intensity resulted in better extractability of bioactive compounds from blueberry press cake. The results obtained from this study demonstrate the potential of PEF as a mild pretreatment method to improve the efficiency of the industrial processing of berry fruits.

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Bilberry juice modulates plasma concentration of NF-κB related inflammatory markers in subjects at increased risk of CVD

Cited by 187 publications

References 54 publications

Polyphenol-Rich Bilberry Ameliorates Total Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol when Implemented in the Diet of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Polyphenol-Rich Bilberry Ameliorates Total Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol when Implemented in the Diet of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Bilberries exert an anti-atherosclerotic effect in lipid-loaded macrophages

Application of pulsed electric field in the production of juice and extraction of bioactive compounds from blueberry fruits and their by-products

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