Biliary Epithelial Cells

Dufour, Jean–François

doi:10.1002/9780470691861.ch1g

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Feeding of taurocholic and taurolithocholic acid to rats increased proliferation of large cholangiocytes and induced the proliferation of small cholangiocytes (6). A number of theories have proposed regarding the function of small cholangiocytes (16,35,47,60). Three-dimensional analysis of the architecture of Herring canals in normal and diseased human livers demonstrated that small cholangiocytes lining these canals constitute a functional stem cell population (60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP₃/CaMK I/CREB pathway

Francis¹,

Glaser²,

DeMorrow³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

123

218

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Cholangiopathies are characterized by the heterogeneous proliferation of different-sized cholangiocytes. Large cholangiocytes proliferate by a cAMP-dependent mechanism. The function of small cholangiocytes may depend on the activation of inositol trisphosphate (IP(3))/Ca(2+)-dependent signaling pathways; however, data supporting this speculation are lacking. Four histamine receptors exist (HRH1, HRH2, HRH3, and HRH4). In several cells: 1) activation of HRH1 increases intracellular Ca(2+) concentration levels; and 2) increased [Ca(2+)](i) levels are coupled with calmodulin-dependent stimulation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and activation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). HRH1 agonists modulate small cholangiocyte proliferation by activation of IP(3)/Ca(2+)-dependent CaMK/CREB. We evaluated HRH1 expression in cholangiocytes. Small and large cholangiocytes were stimulated with histamine trifluoromethyl toluidide (HTMT dimaleate; HRH1 agonist) for 24-48 h with/without terfenadine, BAPTA/AM, or W7 before measuring proliferation. Expression of CaMK I, II, and IV was evaluated in small and large cholangiocytes. We measured IP(3), Ca(2+) and cAMP levels, phosphorylation of CaMK I, and activation of CREB (in the absence/presence of W7) in small cholangiocytes treated with HTMT dimaleate. CaMK I knockdown was performed in small cholangiocytes stimulated with HTMT dimaleate before measurement of proliferation and CREB activity. Small and large cholangiocytes express HRH1, CaMK I, and CaMK II. Small (but not large) cholangiocytes proliferate in response to HTMT dimaleate and are blocked by terfenadine (HRH1 antagonist), BAPTA/AM, and W7. In small cholangiocytes, HTMT dimaleate increased IP(3)/Ca(2+) levels, CaMK I phosphorylation, and CREB activity. Gene knockdown of CaMK I ablated the effects of HTMT dimaleate on small cholangiocyte proliferation and CREB activation. The IP(3)/Ca(2+)/CaMK I/CREB pathway is important in the regulation of small cholangiocyte function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP₃/CaMK I/CREB pathway

Francis¹,

Glaser²,

DeMorrow³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

123

218

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“…Notons l'octroi de 10 000$ en dommages moraux dans deux décisions, la première traitant de harcèlement raciste 125 et la seconde de discrimination sexuelle 126 , de 15 000$ dans une affaire de discrimination fondée sur l'âge 127 et jusqu'à 20 000 $ dans une décision concernant l'exploitation indue de personnes âgées 128 . Comme le Tribunal des droits de la personne est de plus en plus sensible à l'importance des préjudices de nature morale, l'octroi de montants substantiels en dommages moraux dans le domaine de la discrimination devrait se transposer aux décisions en matière de harcèlement sexuel 129 .…”

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L'indemnisation des victimes de harcèlement sexuel au Québec

Bouchard¹

2005

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L'auteure étudie en un premier temps les différents recours offerts aux victimes de harcèlement sexuel au Québec et les avantages qu’elles peuvent en tirer. Elle discute ensuite des poursuites en libelle diffamatoire intentées contre ces victimes qui sont parfois utilisées en guise de représailles aux plaintes de harcèlement sexuel. De son analyse découle une critique des mesures de redressement octroyées aux victimes de harcèlement sexuel. L'analyse jurisprudentielle démontre que les montants accordés en matière de dommages moraux ne sont pas toujours adéquats pour indemniser pleinement les victimes de harcèlement sexuel. Il y a lieu de croire que les tribunaux devraient préciser mieux les facteurs utilisés pour quantifier les dommages moraux. L'octroi de mesures de redressement «proactives » pourrait peut-être aider davantage à remédier au problème du harcèlement sexuel en milieu de travail.The author studies different remedies available to victims of sexual harassment in Quebec and their advantages and disadvantages. She discusses the problem of actions for defamatory libel against victims of sexual harassment as a means of reprisal. Further, the author reviews the type and amount of damages awarded to victims of sexual harassment in Quebec decisions. The author concludes that the amounts awarded to victims of sexual harassment do not provide full compensation for the injuries caused by the harassment. She believes that tribunals should be more explicit and describe the factors used in quantifying moral damages. In order to fully deal with the problem of sexual harassment, tribunals should order pro-active measures against respondent employers and employees

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Biliary Epithelial Cells

Cited by 2 publications

References 67 publications

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP₃/CaMK I/CREB pathway

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP₃/CaMK I/CREB pathway

L'indemnisation des victimes de harcèlement sexuel au Québec

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Biliary Epithelial Cells

Cited by 2 publications

References 67 publications

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP3/CaMK I/CREB pathway

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP3/CaMK I/CREB pathway

L'indemnisation des victimes de harcèlement sexuel au Québec

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Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP₃/CaMK I/CREB pathway

Small mouse cholangiocytes proliferate in response to H1 histamine receptor stimulation by activation of the IP₃/CaMK I/CREB pathway