Bilinear interpolation theorems and applications

Mastyło, Mieczysław

doi:10.1016/j.jfa.2013.05.001

Cited by 93 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The Cressman objective analysis method was used to interpolate the station observational data to grids at a resolution of 0.75° to calculate the PGF, Coriolis force, and drag force at the near surface (Cressman, ; Sinha et al, ; Narkhedkar et al, ). The bilinear interpolation method was used to interpolate the grid data to measurement stations (Accadia et al, ; Mastylo, ). Correlation analysis and Student's t test was used to determine the significance of the data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of wind speed at different heights over eastern China during 1980–2011

Zha

Zhao

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Long-term decreasing trends of near-surface wind speed (SWS) have been well demonstrated in China, and at the same time the factors causing the slowdown in SWS have also been explored. However, changes in wind speed and pressure gradient force (PGF) at higher elevations have received little attention. In this paper, the spatio-temporal changes of wind speed and PGF at different heights were explored in eastern China during the period 1980-2011, and the potential causes inducing the changes of wind speed were analysed. The results included that the reduction in wind speed emerged from the near surface to 300 hPa, while the PGF also exhibited a synchronous reduction. The influence of PGF on the decrease of wind speed was relative smaller at near surface than that at higher levels (850-300 hPa). At the near surface, 71.8% of changes in annual mean SWS could be attributed to the changes of PGF, in which the seasonal difference of the influence of PGF on wind speed was less than 7.0%. At the higher levels, most of the changes in wind speed (>90%) was induced by PGF, in which the seasonal difference of the influence of PGF was less than 1.0%. Furthermore, the changes of PGF in eastern China could be mainly influenced by both the Northern Hemisphere annular mode (NAM) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The NAM could affect the inter-annual and inter-decadal changes of PGF, and the effects of NAM played more significant role on the inter-annual scale than that on the inter-decadal scale. At the same time, the correlation between NAM and PGF increased with height. Otherwise, the PDO mainly affected the inter-decadal changes of PGF, and their correlation decreased with height. K E Y W O R D Sdifferent heights, long-term change, pressure gradient force, wind speed

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of wind speed at different heights over eastern China during 1980–2011

Zha

Zhao

et al. 2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…However, its resolution is too coarse for hydrological simulation of the Chenhe catchment, which is only covered by 3 × 2 GLDAS grids. Therefore, the linear and Bilinear Interpolation Method [51] were employed to disaggregate the 3 h, 0.25 • × 0.25 • GLDAS product into 1h and 1 km× 1 km resolution. More details about GLDAS are given in [29] and [52].…”

Section: Gldasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Flood Prediction Capability of the WRF-Hydro Model Based on Multiple Forcing Scenarios

Sun

Yao

et al. 2020

Water

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The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Hydro model as a physical-based, fully-distributed, multi-parameterization modeling system easy to couple with numerical weather prediction model, has potential for operational flood forecasting in the small and medium catchments (SMCs). However, this model requires many input forcings, which makes it difficult to use it for the SMCs without adequate observed forcings. The Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), the WRF outputs and the ideal forcings generated by the WRF-Hydro model can provide all forcings required in the model for these SMCs. In this study, seven forcing scenarios were designed based on the products of GLDAS, WRF and ideal forcings, as well as the observed and merged rainfalls to assess the performance of the WRF-Hydro model for flood simulation. The model was applied to the Chenhe catchment, a typical SMC located in the Midwestern China. The flood prediction capability of the WRF-Hydro model was also compared to that of widely used Xinanjiang model. The results show that the three forcing scenarios, including the GLDAS forcings with observed rainfall, the WRF forcings with observed rainfall and GLDAS forcings with GLDAS-merged rainfall, are optimal input forcings for the WRF-Hydro model. Their mean root mean square errors (RMSE) are 0.18, 0.18 and 0.17 mm/h, respectively. The performance of the WRF-Hydro model driven by these three scenarios is generally comparable to that of the Xinanjiang model (RMSE = 0.17 mm/h).

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“…The ERA-Interim reanalysis data are often used in the analysis of climatic change and can capture the inter-annual and inter-decadal change very well (Simmons et al 2007(Simmons et al , 2010(Simmons et al , 2014. The ERA-Interim data were interpolated to the 93 meteorological stations over the ECP region using the bilinear interpolation method, which is suitable for converting a grid forecast field to another or discrete observation field (Mastylo 2013;Accadia et al 2003). In addition, the urbanization rate is derived from the National Bureau of Statistics of China from 1980 to 2011, as the ratio between the urban population and the total population, and is considered an index of urbanization (Wu et al 2016;Zhou et al 2004).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the effects of land use and cover change on the decrease of surface wind speed over China in recent 30 years using a statistical downscaling method

Zha

Zhao

2016

Clim Dyn

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V10m-SDM has better performance in the spatial-temporal changes than does V10m-ERA with respect to V10m-OBV. The impact of LUCC on the SWS was pronounced, the SWSD was −0.24 m s −1 in 1993, and the SWSD reached −0.56 m s −1 in 2011. LUCC could induce a 0.17 m s −1 wind speed decrease per 10 year in the ECP region during 1993-2011. Furthermore, each 10 % rise of the urbanization rate could cause an approximately 0.12 m s −1 decrease in wind speed. Additionally, pressure-gradient force was eliminated as the primary cause of the observed longterm decrease of SWS in ECP by composite analysis and temporal serial analysis, and the rise of the surface drag force caused by LUCC was identified as an important factor inducing the SWS decrease during 1993-2011 in ECP region. Moreover, the results from different time lengths used to construct SDM were compared, and the uncertainties in SWSD were evaluated by different SDMs established by different time periods. The causes of these observed decreases in SWS remain unclear.Abstract The long-term decrease of surface wind speed (SWS) has been revealed by previous studies in China in recent decades, but the reasons for the SWS decrease remain uncertain. In this paper, we evaluated the effects of land use and cover change (LUCC) on the SWS decrease during 1980-2011 over the Eastern China Plain (ECP) region using a combined method of statistical downscaling and observation minus reanalysis data, which was used to improve the climate prediction of general circulation models and to evaluate the influence of LUCC on climate change. To exclude the potential influence of LUCC on SWS observation, a statistical downscaling model (SDM) was established during 1980-1992 because a lower extent of LUCC occurred during this period than in later periods. The skill of the SDM was checked by comparing the results of different predictor combinations. Then, SDM was used to improve the wind speed data at 10 m above the surface in the ERA-Interim reanalysis data (V10m-ERA) during 1993-2011, which decreased the error in the reanalysis wind speed as far as possible. Then, the difference between the station observed SWS (V10m-OBV) and the downscaled SWS (V10m-SDM) during 1993-2011 (SWSD) was considered the quantitative estimation of the influence of the LUCC on SWS in this period. The V10m-SDM can capture both the large-scale and local characteristics in the observation, and their patterns are very similar.

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Bilinear interpolation theorems and applications

Cited by 93 publications

References 21 publications

Changes of wind speed at different heights over eastern China during 1980–2011

Changes of wind speed at different heights over eastern China during 1980–2011

Evaluation of Flood Prediction Capability of the WRF-Hydro Model Based on Multiple Forcing Scenarios

Evaluating the effects of land use and cover change on the decrease of surface wind speed over China in recent 30 years using a statistical downscaling method

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