Bimetallic dispersion zeolitic imidazolate framework derived spherical porous bifunctional catalysts for liquid/solid Zn-Air batteries

Silica‐Derived Nanostructured Electrode Materials for ORR, OER, HER, CO2RR Electrocatalysis, and Energy Storage Applications: A Review**

“…The reaction scheme has been shown in Figure 15. [89] The formation of uniform metal nanoparticles with evenly distributed heteroatoms (separated Fe and Co species) was confirmed from the microscopic analysis of Fe@CoÀ NMC-900. Based on the SEM images of Fe@CoÀ NMC catalysts, it was found that the high pyrolysis temperatures (e. g., 1000 °C) caused damage to the porous structure, impeding the material transport properties.…”

“…were formed with no signs of aggregation, structural damage, or collapse. [89] The overpotential value of the Fe@CoÀ NMC-900 (0.32 V) catalyst was the lowest compared to Fe@CoÀ NMC-800 (0.39 V), Fe@CoÀ NMC-1000 (0.34 V), commercial RuO 2 (0.37 V).…”

“…Fe@CoÀ NMC-900 demonstrated high durability and superior OER activity compared to commercial Pt/C + RuO 2 . [89] Li et al, [51] used MCM-48 as a SiO 2 template to create porous carbon-based bifunctional silica-derived nanostructured (SN) electrocatalysts (MPC@Cobi) using Co 2 + and 4,4'bipyridine (bipy) complexes as precursors for adding PGMfree active sites, as shown in Figure 5(a) and Figure 16. Using the CTAB micelles as the primary carbon source, the synthesis reaction involved the in-situ incorporation of cobalt complexes (Co-bipy) into the micelles, which later produced Co-based active sites (CoÀ N x , Co, and Co 3 O 4 ) for OER electrocatalysis.…”

“…Schematic illustration of the preparation of the Fe@CoÀ NMC catalyst. [89] Reproduced from ref. [89] Copyright (2022), with permission from Elsevier conductive porous structure of Ni foam, demonstrated an improved OER overpotential of 269 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm 2 , which was 70 mV less than the IrO 2 /Ni foam electrode.…”

“…[89] Reproduced from ref. [89] Copyright (2022), with permission from Elsevier conductive porous structure of Ni foam, demonstrated an improved OER overpotential of 269 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm 2 , which was 70 mV less than the IrO 2 /Ni foam electrode. The oxidation peaks of Co shifted to more negative potential values, indicating easier oxidation, and that the coated graphene layer impacted the electron energy state of underlying cobalt, as shown in Figure 17.…”