Bimetallic PdAu nanoparticles as hydrogenation catalysts in imidazolium ionic liquids

Metal oxide and bimetallic nanoparticles in ionic liquids: synthesis and application in multiphase catalysis

“…Alongside PVP, 1-methylimidazole and 1-(3-aminopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate additives were tested as additional stabilization agents. The use of these led to smaller NPs than the IL alone while also limiting the aggregation of the NPs over time [36,38] . Pd-Au NPs were also prepared by the same group in a sequential growth process in a mixture of the IL trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride [P 6,6,6,14 ][Cl] in dioxane.…”

“…Furthermore, this selectivity is maintained (100%) even applying mixtures of electron-deficient benzoic acids. performed a phase transfer of PVP-stabilized Pd-Au NPs into ILs and investigated the catalyst solutions in hydrogenation reactions examining different metal ratios [36] . The authors found that the activity as well as the reactivity in the catalytic hydrogenation is related to and can be controlled by the composition of the bimetallic material.…”

“…However, only few reports exist on metal oxides and bimetallic alloy or core-shell NPs in ILs, as precursors and/or catalysts for transformations in multiphase systems [13, 32 -55] . Their potential applications cover such fields as hydrogenation reactions [32,33,36,40,45] , hydrogenolysis [39,56] , C-C coupling [41] , C-C bond cleavage [13] , dehalogenation of arenes [55] , condensation reactions [54] , oxidation [46] , as well as electrochemical applications [42, 47, 51 -53, 57, 58] . The scope of the present review is to discuss the mentioned traditional catalytic applications, excluding electrochemical applications.…”

Concepts for the Stabilization of Metal Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

“…Stabilization with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is necessary to obtain stable mono-and bimetallic Pt/Au nanoparticles immobilized in [C 4 MIm + ][PF 6 -]. [97] Also, ionic liquid-like copolymers can be used to stabilize Rh [98] and Pt [99] nanoparticles, where [C 4 MIm + ][BF 4 -] itself can not stabilize the platinum nanoparticles sufficiently. [99] …”

Bimetallic magnetic PtPd-nanoparticles as efficient catalyst for PAH removal from liquid media

“…Dash et al synthesized monometallic and bimetallic PdAu-based nanoparticles stabilized in ionic liquids and studied their activity in the hydrogenation of C=C bonds. It was found that both activity and selectivity for the model reactions could be tuned by varying the composition of the bimetallic nanoparticles, and maximum activities were obtained at 1:3 Au:Pd ratios (Dash et al 2008). Villa et al (2015) also showed that the presence of bimetallic AuRu-phase on activated carbon led to an improved catalytic durability in the levulinic acid hydrogenation, and a single portion of the catalyst could be used in six successive runs.…”