Bio-Active Free Direct Optical Sensing of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A Using a Manganese Oxide Nano-System

Abstract

Aflatoxins-B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin-A (OchA) are the two types of major mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus fungi, Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium verrocusumv. These toxins are mainly found in metabolite cereals, corn, coffee beans, and other oil-containing food items. Excessive consumption of these toxins can be carcinogenic and lead to cancer. Thus, their rapid testing became essential for food quality control. Herein, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO2 nps) have been proposed to explore the interaction with AFB1 and OchA using UV-visible spectroscopy. MnO2 nps were synthesized using the co-precipitation method. They were pure and crystalline with an average crystallite size of 5–6 nm. In the UV-vis study, the maximum absorbance for MnO2 nps was observed around 260 nm. The maximum absorbance for AFB1 and OchA was observed at 365 and 380 nm, respectively, and its intensity enhanced with the addition of MnO2 nps. Sequential changes were observed with varying the concentration of AFB1 and OchA with a fixed concentration of MnO2 nps, resulting in proper interaction. The binding constant (kb) and Gibbs free energy for MnO2 nps-AFB1 and OchA were observed as 1.62 × 104 L g−1 and 2.67 × 104 L g−1, and −24.002 and −25.256 kJ/mol, respectively. The limit of detection for AFB1 and OchA was measured as 4.08 and 10.84 ng/ml, respectively. This bio‐active free direct sensing approach of AFB1 and OchA sensing can be promoted as a potential analytical tool to estimate food quality rapidly and affordable manner at the point of use.

Nanostructured zirconia@reduced graphene oxide based ultraefficient nanobiosensing platform for food toxin detection

“…The limit of detection (LOD) 45 was determined to be 2.54 ng mL −1 by applying eqn (iv):LOD = 3 σ b / m where σ b and m represent the standard deviation of the intercept and the slope of curve, respectively. The obtained LOD is much lower than that of Fe 3 O 4 /GO 46 and MnO 2 47 based biosensors reported so far. A comparative investigation of the biosensing parameters of existing nanobiosensors for AFB1 detection and the current work is displayed in Table 1.…”

Recent Advances in the Detection of Food Toxins Using Mass Spectrometry

“…56 It was suggested that if a sample is showing response at 400 and 550 nm with respect to 365 and 730 nm excitation wavelengths, it is supposed to be contaminated with aflatoxins. Singh et al 57 also reported that aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A have maximum absorption (λ max ) at 365 and 380 nm. Both UV−visible and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques are easy to handle and cost-effective.…”

Rapid and Label-Free Electrochemical Detection of Fumonisin-B1 Using Microfluidic Biosensing Platform Based on Ag-CeO2 Nanocomposite

“…22 Among the various nanomaterials such as ZnO, CuO, NiO, Mn 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , CeO 2 have been known to have excellent electrochemical properties. 15,[23][24][25][26][27] In our recently published paper, picogram level detection of Ochratoxin-A has been achieved using a ceria-based electrochemical microfluidic nanobiochip. 15 However, during the electrochemical study on the microfluidic chip, low current values were obtained.…”