Bio‐based hydroxymethylated eugenol modified bismaleimide resin and its high‐temperature composites

Abstract

Hydroxymethylated eugenol (MEG) and poly (hydroxymethylated eugenol) (PMEG) were synthesized by the condensation reaction of eugenol (EG) with formaldehyde. The different contents of MEG and PMEG were used to modify 4,4 0-bismaleimidediphenylmethane (BMI). The cured MEG-BMI resins exhibit good thermal stability evidenced by its 5% weight loss temperatures above 407 C and its residue above 39.4% at 800 C under nitrogen. For carbon/MEG-BMI composites, their glass transition temperatures were around 400 C; their flexural strength and moduli were maintained at a range of 488.87-575.47 MPa and 48.84-60.26 GPa, respectively. With the increasing content of BMI in the resin formulation, the flexural properties decreased; comprehensively the composite with the eugenol/maleimide unit ratio (1:0.3 mol) had the best mechanical and thermal properties, meanwhile its renewable carbon content was as high as 57.80%. As a new candidate of high temperature thermosetting resin, MEG would find promising applications for advanced composites' matrice.

Synthesis of eugenol‐based monomers for sustainable epoxy thermoplastic polymers

“…The latter can also be obtained by stirring HMEu at high temperatures. 99 All three compounds 45-47 were cured with BMID, and the thermal and mechanical properties of the cured resins were investigated. The cured DHDEu/BMID, HMEu/BMID, and PBMEu/BMID resins exhibited good thermal stability with T g of approximately 400 C and good flexural properties.…”

Mechanical and thermal properties of synergistic modification of bismaleimide polymer composites with nano‐SiO2 and hyperbranched polyimide

“…Bismaleimide (BMI) is a thermosetting resin with active terminal group of unsaturated maleimide ring, which has good heat resistance, durable chemical resistance and radiation resistance. [1][2][3][4][5] It can be widely used in aerospace, marine engineering, mechanical and electronic industries. [6][7][8] However, BMI tends to form a threedimensional network structure with excessive crosslinking in the curing process, leading to the rise of cross-linked density, thereby significantly reducing the toughness of the material .…”

Recent progress in bio‐based eugenol resins: From synthetic strategies to structural properties and coating applications

“…They can be prepared via blending, reinforcing, and cross‐linking. Several groups have reported that modified EU‐based epoxy resins are more beneficial than the pristine EU‐based epoxy resin due to their excellent adhesions, anti‐corrosion, and rigid structure 4,6,18–20 …”