“…These artificial structural colors can be non-iridescent ( Xiao et al., 2017 ), brilliant, and responsive to various external stimuli including the temperature, solvent, light, electricity, magnetic field, and forces ( Fenzl et al., 2014 ), which make them promising in many applications, such as colorful displays, anti-counterfeiting, information storage, mechanical sensing, and healthcare monitoring ( Isapour and Lattuada, 2018 ). With the in-depth understanding of the color mechanisms, researchers have already obtained the optimization of some artificial structural colors aiming at the specific functions ( Wu et al., 2020 ). Thus, more advanced structural-color materials and products are expected to be prepared and applied in the future.…”