Bio-Inspired Smart Nanoparticles in Enhanced Cancer Theranostics and Targeted Drug Delivery

Abstract

Globally, a significant portion of deaths are caused by cancer.Compared with traditional treatment, nanotechnology offers new therapeutic options for cancer due to its ability to selectively target and control drug release. Among the various routes of nanoparticle synthesis, plants have gained significant recognition. The tremendous potential of medicinal plants in anticancer treatments calls for a comprehensive review of existing studies on plant-based nanoparticles. The study examined various metallic nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis using medicinal plants. Plants contain biomolecules, secondary metabolites, and coenzymes that facilitate the reduction of metal ions into nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are believed to be potential antioxidants and cancer-fighting agents. This review aims at the futuristic intuitions of biosynthesis and applications of plant-based nanoparticles in cancer theranostics.

Therapeutic targeting of microtubule affinity‐regulating kinase 4 in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases

“…Followed by a p-methyl-phenylamine carrying compound, 7f and ortho-MeO-phenylamine carrying compound 7h shows better inhibition with IC 50 values of 4.5 ± 0.52 μM and 12.15 ± 1.10 μM, respectively. 41 Cell proliferation studies indicate that the acridone derivates have good cytotoxicity against several cancer cells. Hence, the calculated IC 50 values of compounds 7b, 7d, 7f, and 7h against the cancer cell lines are 5.2 ± 1.20 μM, 6.3 ± 1.25 μM, 5.8 ± 1.4 μM, as well as 7.2 ± 1.33 μM, respectively and showed limited cytotoxicity on normal embryonic kidney cells.…”

“…The compounds 7b and 7d featuring a benzylamine and p‐MeO‐benzylamine showed the best inhibition in enzyme inhibition assay with an IC 50 value of 1.80 ± 0.04 μM and 1.80 ± 0.04 μM, respectively. Followed by a p‐methyl‐phenylamine carrying compound, 7f and ortho‐MeO‐phenylamine carrying compound 7h shows better inhibition with IC 50 values of 4.5 ± 0.52 μM and 12.15 ± 1.10 μM, respectively 41 . Cell proliferation studies indicate that the acridone derivates have good cytotoxicity against several cancer cells.…”

“…Naturally occurring compounds have been comprehensively investigated to develop safe and potent inhibitor(s) of MARK4 24,36‐38 . Natural products (NPs) have conventionally been the wealthiest resource of biologically active compounds utilized as therapeutic drugs 34,39‐44 . Several small molecules were discovered from natural sources to treat multiple diseases 45‐48 .…”

“…24,[36][37][38] Natural products (NPs) have conventionally been the wealthiest resource of biologically active compounds utilized as therapeutic drugs. 34,[39][40][41][42][43][44] Several small molecules were discovered from natural sources to treat multiple diseases. [45][46][47][48] NPs contribute considerably to new therapeutic opportunities, particularly as antitumor and antihypertensive remedies.…”

Gum katira-silver nanoparticle-based bionanocomposite for the removal of methyl red dye

“…Additionally, it has a use in the biomedical field, energy storage, construction, and the cosmetic and food industries (Kaith et al, 2012;Mittal et al, 2016;France et al, 2017;Gulia et al, 2022;Jeong, 2022;Pourmadadi et al, 2022). Double-network hydrogel was prepared with calcium carbonate and polyvinyl alcohol via Ca +2 crosslinking and a freeze-thaw method.…”