Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Dark Green, Old Gold Crimson, Ripening Inhibitor, and Normal Tomatoes

Abstract

Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity were determined in one high lycopene normal genotype (Berika), two color mutants [dark green (BCT-115) and old gold crimson (BCT-119)], one ripening mutant [ripening inhibitor (BCT-111)], and six ordinary tomato genotypes (Punjab, Chhuhara, FEB-2, BCT-53, Patharkutchi, CLN-B, and CLN-R). Significant variation (mg/100 g fresh weight) in ascorbic acid (~25-38), lycopene (~3-5), β-carotene (~0.6-1.6), total flavonoids (~0.15-48.0), and total phenols (~23-41) was recorded in the pulp. The peel fraction of the tomatoes was identified as an important reservoir of antioxidant bioactive compounds viz. lycopene (~0.26-28), β-carotene (~1.7-4.7), total flavonoids (~0.6-109), and total phenols (~43-104). The radical scavenging activity was ranged from 53-82 and~25-51% in peel and pulp, whereas the metal chelating activity was found to range from 21-53 and~12-25% in peel and pulp, respectively, among all genotypes. The tomato genotypes with the highest content of bioactive molecules and antioxidant potential in the edible portion were BCT-115, Berika, and BCT-119. The results show great potential of color mutants (dark green and old gold crimson) for all the parameters. Thus, these genotypes could be used in the future breeding programs to enhance the synthesis of beneficial bioactive molecules in the new cultivars.

Dynamic changes in physic-chemical properties and bacterial community during natural fermentation of tomatoes

“…It has excellent nutritious value, with nutrients such as vitamins, lycopene, flavonoids, polyphenols, and can supplement a variety of vitamins and minerals needed by the human body (Alarcón-Flores et al, 2015;Din et al, 2020;Pellicanò et al, 2020). Previous research reported that tomatoes have various potential pharmacological functions, such as improvement of inflammation, prevention of hyperlipidaemia, inhibition of disaccharide activity, and reduction of diabetes risk and prevention of prostate cancer (Alarcón-Flores et al, 2015;Siddiqui et al, 2016). Fermentation, it seems to be an ideal processing step; it increases the level of safety, extends shelf life and improves organoleptic properties.…”

Postharvest Losses of NOR Tomato Fruit Line MA 131-6-3 Treated by Ethephon and Calcium Carbide

“…Vitamin C and fruit firmness are shown in Table 4 and the data showed no significance. The variable of vitamin C, case study reported by Siddiqui et al (2016) is ripening inhibitor (RIN) tomato fruit result vitamin C of 26.12 mg 100 g -1 from the genotype of BCT-11. The current experiment showed that vitamin C is higher than Siddiqui et al (2016) found, with a value of 32.85 mg 100 g -1 in control at 14 days Note: E0 = control; E1 = 1,600 ppm ethephon; E2 = 5,000 ppm ethephon Figure 1 Note: TSS = total soluble solids; TTA = total titratable acidity; numbers followed by the same letter in the same days after treatment (DAT)…”

“…Tomato breeding at Universitas Gadjah Mada results in plants with high yields but challenging to ripen, usually mentioned as NOR tomato (Siddiqui et al, 2016). This tomato line is a result of conventional breeding (pedigree selection) and as a result of selection F6 which has been reported by Murti et al (2022).…”

Physicochemical properties in NOR tomato line MA 131-6-3 after treated with ethephon and calcium carbide induced ripening

“…ET and CaC2 cannot generate the lycopene (0 mg kg −1 ) in all fruit as shown in Table 1. Siddiqui et al (2016) reported that lycopene content in RIN tomato peel (BCT-11 genotype) of 0.26 mg/100 g. The results of these studies were reported to be lower than the administration of CaC2 in NOR tomato. Dhall and Singh (2013) reported that application of 1,500 ppm ET on hybrid tomato can increase lycopene compared to control.…”