Bioactive Glasses Containing Strontium or Magnesium Ions to Enhance the Biological Response in Bone Regeneration

Abstract

The non-surgical treatments are being required to reconstruct damaged tissue, prioritizing our body’s natural healing process. Thus, the use of bioactive materials such as bioactive glass has been studied to support the repair and restoration of hard and soft tissue. Thus, in this work Bioglass 45S5 was developed, adding 1 and 2%mol of SrO or MgO and the physical and biological properties were evaluated. The addition of MgO and SrO at the studied concentrations promoted the slight increase in non-bridging oxygens number, observed through the temperature shift in phase transitions to lower values compared to Bioglass 45S5. The insertion of the ions also showed a positive effect on Saos-2 cell viability, decreasing the cytotoxic of Bioglass 45S5. Besides the Ca/P ratio on the pellets surface demonstrating no evidence of higher reactivity between Bioglass 45S5 and Bioglass with Sr and Mg, micrographs show that at 24 h the Ca/P rich layer is denser than in Bioglass 45S5 after the contact with simulated body fluid. The samples with Sr and Mg show a higher antibacterial effect compared to Bioglass 45S5. The addition of the studied ions may benefit the biological response of Bioglass 45S5 in dental applications as scaffolds or coatings.

Influence of Strontium on the Biological Behavior of Bioactive Glasses for Bone Regeneration

“…Sr-doped BGs produced via sol-gel showed good osteogenic capacity in rat calvaria bone defects, as well as improved antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli [96], while those produced by melt quench could increase the apatite formation and control the osteoblast and osteoclast activity when compared to non-doped BG [97]. Furthermore, it has also been shown that glasses doped with Sr 2+ produced by melt quench have antibacterial activity against E. coli and a positive effect on the viability of Saos-2 cells (ATCC ® HTB-85™ human osteosarcoma cell line) [98]. Therefore, these behaviors confirm that Sr-doped BGs produced using sol-gel and melt quench have a promising impact on the study of bone regeneration.…”

Influence of the Addition of Zinc, Strontium, or Magnesium Oxides to the Bioglass 45S5 Network on Electrical Behavior

“…Moreover, it has been shown to have antimicrobial activities against various microorganisms [32][33][34]. Magnesium (Mg) is an important element for cellular activity, promoting the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts [35][36][37][38][39]. Furthermore, its deficiency can lead to impaired bone growth, heightened trabecular bone loss, and increased bone resorption.…”

Incorporating strontium enriched amorphous calcium phosphate granules in collagen/collagen-magnesium-hydroxyapatite osteochondral scaffolds improves subchondral bone repair

“…Bioinorganic ions such as strontium (Sr) are cost-effective and easy to use as a local delivery tool [ 22 ] having less risk than bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) strategies used for improved regeneration of bone [ 23 ]. Previously Sr has been introduced in forms of a Sr ranelate drug or as a dopant in the biomaterial of choice [ [24] , [25] , [26] ], this includes CaPs as well. On a cellular level, Sr ions have a dual mode of action: stimulation of osteoblasts and inhibition of osteoclasts [ 27 , 28 ].…”