Bioactive Triterpenoids from the Leaves and Twigs of Lithocarpus litseifolius and L. corneus

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of the leaves and twigs of and resulted in the isolation of four new triterpenoids (1: -4: ), three triterpenoids (5: -7: ) isolated from a natural source for the first time, and six known compounds (8: -13: ). In addition, four known triterpenoids (14: -17: ) were isolated from . Compound 1: is a 3,4--lupane-type triterpenoid, and compounds 2: -4: are lupane-type triterpenoids in different oxidation states. The structures of all isolated compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods, especially NMR and mass spectrometry data. The absolute configuration of 2: and 3: was confirmed by X-ray single crystallographic analysis. The anti-inflammatory activities of 1: -17: and anti-HIV activities of 2: -17: were evaluated. Among them, 3--betulinic acid (8: ) showed a strong anti-HIV activity comparable to abacavir, a drug used for treating HIV/AIDS. 3,4--4(23),20(29)-lupadiene-3,28-dioic acid (5: ) exhibited potent inhibition of superoxide-anion generation with 86.9 ± 2.8% inhibition at 1 µM.

Microwave-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction, Structural Characteristics, and Biological Functions of Polysaccharides from Sweet Tea (Lithocarpus litseifolius) Leaves

“…The leaf of sweet tea has been approved as a new food material by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, which has also been utilized as an herbal tea to prevent and manage diabetes in the folk for a long history [ 1 , 2 ]. Generally, the leaf of sweet tea is rich in active ingredients, such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and triterpenoids [ 1 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Therefore, owing to these bioactive ingredients, it possesses multiple health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-microbial, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective effects [ 1 ].…”

Structure-Activity-Relationship and Mechanistic Insights for Anti-HIV Natural Products

“…Several alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, and polyphenolic compounds, aswell as known therapeutic agents having an array of biological activities like anticancer, analgesics, anti-inflammatory and exert anti-HIV activity extracted from various plants, were found [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. These became the sources of inspiration for many research activities, e.g., the anti-HIV potential of components of Dioscorea bulbifera [45], Euphorbia sikkimensis [46], Culendula officinalis [47], Sceletium tortuosum [48], Brazilian propolis, Kadsura lancilimba, Lithocarpus litseifolius, and Ocimum labiatum [49][50][51][52].…”

Effects of the Dominate Plant Families on Elevation Gradient Pattern of Community Structure in a Subtropical Forest

“…Fagaceae is one of the important ecological and economic species and is a key taxa group in global forest ecosystems, enriching terrestrial biodiversity [40]. In China, Fagaceae are economically important plants, edible plants and have some medicinal functions [41,42]. In this study, we selected forest plots with different elevation gradients on Daming Mountain to study the elevation gradient pattern of species diversity and the basal area of Daming Mountain and to explore the following scientific questions: (1) how species diversity and basal area change along elevations on Daming Mountain; (2) how environmental factors affect species diversity and TBA; and (3) how Lauraceae and Fagaceae plants impact species diversity and basal area along the elevational transect.…”