Biochar as Cement Replacement to Enhance Concrete Composite Properties: A Review

Aman, Aan Mohammad Nusrat; Selvarajoo, Anurita; Leong, Lau Teck; Chen, Wei‐Hsin

doi:10.3390/en15207662

Cited by 25 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Additionally, it is also observed that there is a discernible presence of BC particles on the surface of the cement mortar. This morphological change underscores the role of finer BC particles as micro-fillers, effectively reducing voids and cracks within the cement matrix and at the interfacial transition zone [25,35]. Consequently, this contributes to the creation of a more compact colloidal matrix.…”

Section: Microstructure Analysismentioning

confidence: 88%

Enhancing Biochar Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Mortar: An Optimization Study Using Response Surface Methodology for Particle Size and Content

Zhou,

Wang,

Tan

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The utilization of agricultural waste, specifically biochar (BC), as an alternative material to conventional Portland cement offers substantial potential for enhancing sustainability within the construction industry. This study investigates how variations in BC particle size and content affect the properties of cement mortar using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). By manipulating BC’s content and particle size in the mortar mixture and analyzing the data with RSM, this study establishes response surface models to predict the relationship between BC characteristics and cement mortar strength. The results demonstrate that the optimal combination for enhancing the mechanical performance of the mortar is achieved when BC particles have a median particle diameter of 51.08 μm and a content of 2.69% of the mixture. Additionally, utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it is revealed that BC serves as a nucleation site for cement hydration, thereby inducing a more compact and dense microstructure within the cement mortar. Furthermore, BC particles contribute to enhancing the interfacial transition zone between the cement paste and aggregate, leading to increased compressive strength and fracture toughness of the mortar while simultaneously curbing crack propagation.

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Section: Microstructure Analysismentioning

confidence: 88%

Enhancing Biochar Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Mortar: An Optimization Study Using Response Surface Methodology for Particle Size and Content

Zhou,

Wang,

Tan

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…According to Singhal ( 2023 ), adding biochar to concrete at a rate of 1–3% from different lignocellulosic biomass can serve as an economical and environmentally beneficial alternative to binders. In addition, Aman et al ( 2022 ) highlight how biochar can be used to replace cement in concrete composites, increasing their strength and other characteristics. According to Gupta and Kua ( 2017 ), biochar has been shown to have environmental advantages, including the capacity to sequester carbon.…”

Section: Prospects and Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of biochar production techniques and application in iron and steel industries

Ibitoye,

Loha,

Mahamood

et al. 2024

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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Integrating innovation and environmental responsibility has become important in pursuing sustainable industrial practices in the contemporary world. These twin imperatives have stimulated research into developing methods that optimize industrial processes, enhancing efficiency and effectiveness while mitigating undesirable ecological impacts. This objective is exemplified by the emergence of biochar derived from the thermo-chemical transformation of biomass. This review examines biochar production methods and their potential applications across various aspects of the iron and steel industries (ISI). The technical, economic, and sustainable implications of integrating biochar into the ISI were explored. Slow pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization are the most efficient methods for higher biochar yield (25–90%). Biochar has several advantages- higher heating value (30–32 MJ/kg), more porosity (58.22%), and significantly larger surface area (113 m2/g) compared to coal and coke. However, the presence of biochar often reduces fluidity in a coal-biochar mixture. The findings highlighted that biochar production and implementation in ISI often come with higher costs, primarily due to the higher expense of substitute fuels compared to traditional fossil fuels. The economic viability and societal desirability of biochar are highly uncertain and vary significantly based on factors such as location, feedstock type, production scale, and biochar pricing, among others. Furthermore, biomass and biochar supply chain is another important factor which determines its large scale implementation. Despite these challenges, there are opportunities to reduce emissions from BF-BOF operations by utilizing biochar technologies. Overall, the present study explored integrating diverse biochar production methods into the ISI aiming to contribute to the ongoing research on sustainable manufacturing practices, underscoring their significance in shaping a more environmentally conscious future.

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“…Sudarsono et al (2022) found that the compressive strength of regular concrete 36 days after placement was 39.31 MPa, whereas the strength of 15% zeolite concrete was 38.65 MPa and the strength of 25% zeolite concrete was 28.23 MPa. Aman et al (2022) stated that using sustainable concrete lessens the harmful effects of concrete production on the environment. In tests, as an additional cementitious material, biochar has been examined for its ability to have high compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of zeolite and bamboo biochar as CO2 absorbant in concrete

Revathi,

Alice Elizabeth Tania,

Ancy Shadin

et al. 2024

Carbon Res.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major air pollutants that enter the atmosphere. There is a large release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as a result of burning fossil fuels in the cement manufacturing industries and many other industries, as well as emissions from gridlock. This increase in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere leads to various ill effects and global warming. To reduce the CO2 level in the atmosphere, efforts were made to prepare concrete that can absorb CO2 by addition of zeolite and bamboo biochar. These materials were chosen because zeolite and bamboo biochar have large pore volume and large specific surface area and so they can absorb more CO2. Zeolite is having more oxygen content and bamboo biochar is having more carbon content which helps in CO2 absorption. In this work, Zeolite is substituted for fine aggregate in the varying ratios of 25% and 50% and bamboo biochar is substituted for cement in the ratios of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%. The strength properties and CO2 absorbing capacities of various zeolite and bamboo biochar concrete ratios were compared and it was found that concrete with 50% zeolite and 1% bamboo biochar (ZB5) was the optimal mix. The optimal mix was found based on compressive strength, split tensile strength, water absorption, impact strength, amount of CO2 absorption and depth of CO2 penetration in concrete. This optimal mix has a compressive strength of 38.49 MPa which is 7.48% higher than conventional concrete and also has a split tensile strength of 4.39 MPa which is 15% higher than conventional concrete. It was also found that the optimal mix absorbed 1.2 g of CO2 per day and that the depth of CO2 penetration was 15 mm when the concrete cube was kept in the carbonation chamber for 7 days. This study provided necessary information on the addition of zeolite and bamboo biochar in the concrete which enhances both strength properties and CO2 absorption. This study is important because now-a-days the current CO2 emission in the atmosphere is mainly due to several man-made activities. This ZB concrete provides a solution to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and can be used in the concrete pavements, sewer pipelines, parapet walls and the environments with higher CO2 concentration and emission. Graphical Abstract

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Biochar as Cement Replacement to Enhance Concrete Composite Properties: A Review

Cited by 25 publications

References 62 publications

Enhancing Biochar Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Mortar: An Optimization Study Using Response Surface Methodology for Particle Size and Content

Enhancing Biochar Impact on the Mechanical Properties of Cement-Based Mortar: An Optimization Study Using Response Surface Methodology for Particle Size and Content

An overview of biochar production techniques and application in iron and steel industries

Effect of zeolite and bamboo biochar as CO2 absorbant in concrete

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