Biochar Enriched with Buffalo Slurry Improved Soil Nitrogen and Carbon Dynamics, Nutrient Uptake and Growth Attributes of Wheat by Reducing Leaching Losses of Nutrients

Javeed, Hafiz Muhammad Rashad; Ali, Mazhar; Ahmed, Imtiaz; Wang, Xiukang; Al-Ashkar, Ibrahim; Qamar, Rafi; Ibrahim, Ahmed A.; Habib-ur-Rahman, Muhammad; Ditta, Allah; Sabagh, Ayman El

doi:10.3390/land10121392

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In our study, the average urease activities of CC treatment and CA treatment were 0.61 mg/g and 0.46 mg/g, respectively. The average urease activity of the high amount of biochar treatment was 10.67% higher than that of the control, consistent with previous research results [16,40]. Our outcomes are in line with other studies which found that biochar application increases urease activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Biochar is a solid product derived from the pyrolysis of bio-organic materials (also known as biomass) in an anaerobic or hypoxic environment [14]. It has been noted that biochar has a large number of pores on its surface and has a strong adsorption capacity for water and gas, which is also conducive to the maintenance of nutrients such as N, P, and K [15,16]. Additionally, biochar addition can promote crop growth due to efficient utilization of nutrients in soil, the optimization of soil physical and chemical properties, and the reduction in heavy metal toxicity [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Biochar Application on Ammonia Volatilization from Paddy Fields under Controlled Irrigation

Ding

Sung-Bum

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Ammonia volatilization is an important nitrogen loss pathway in the paddy field ecosystem which leads to low nitrogen-utilization efficiency and severe atmospheric pollution. To reveal the influence and the mechanism of biochar application on ammonia volatilization from paddy fields under controlled irrigation, field experiments were conducted in the Taihu Lake Basin in China. The experiment consisted of three levels of biochar application (0, 20, and 40 t·ha−1) and two types of irrigation management (controlled irrigation and flood irrigation). Increasing ammonia volatilization occurred after fertilization. Biochar application reduced the cumulative ammonia volatilization from controlled-irrigation paddy fields, compared with non-biochar treatment. The cumulative ammonia volatilization in controlled-irrigation paddy fields with 40 t·ha−1 biochar application was reduced by 12.27%. The decrease in ammonia volatilization was related to the change in soil physical and soil physical–chemical properties and soil microbial activities. The high biochar application (40 t·ha−1) increased the NH4+-N content in soil (p < 0.01) and soil solution (p <0.05), increased by 64.98% and 19.72%, respectively. The application also increased the soil urease activity (p < 0.01), and high biochar application (40 t·ha−1) increased soil urease activity by 33.70%. Ammonia volatilization from paddy fields was significantly correlated with the nitrogen concentration (p < 0.01) in the soil solution and soil urease activity (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the abundance of ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) with biochar application under controlled irrigation showed an increasing trend with rice growth. The long-term application of biochar may have a relatively strong potential to inhibit ammonia volatilization. In general, the combined application of controlled irrigation and biochar provides an eco-friendly strategy for reducing farmland N loss and improving paddy field productivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Biochar Application on Ammonia Volatilization from Paddy Fields under Controlled Irrigation

Ding

Sung-Bum

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Peat is organic waste and an economical carrier material that is rich in nutrients due to the presence of a variety of organic materials in its composition; these not only aid the growth and survival of bacteria but also provide crevices and microcolony particle surfaces for them [23,24,41]. Charcoal is considered to be a reservoir of carbon for soil and forests, which supports the survival of saprotrophic microorganisms and increases nutrient availability in the soil [42][43][44][45]. Based on the qualities of different carrier materials, it is imperative to test which carrier material has the maximum number of microbial populations with a positive impact on crop growth and productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Different Carrier Materials on the Growth and Yield of Spinach under Pot and Field Experimental Conditions

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Long-term use of chemical fertilizers is affecting the environment, soil quality, and biodiversity. Organic agriculture is gaining global attention by using microbial-based biofertilizers. Carriers protect microbes by providing nutrition, energy, and suitable conditions for their survival while entering the natural environments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of different carrier materials to enhance the yield and the quality of spinach and to select the best carrier material for spinach biofertilizer. Three pre-isolated and characterized bacterial strains (AN-35, ZM-27, and ZM-63) were tested for their compatibility and used in this experiment through seed inoculation with organic carriers, i.e., compost, peat, press mud, biochar, and charcoal. A pot experiment and a field experiment were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of different organic carriers. The results of the pot study showed a significant increase in spinach growth, i.e., shoot length (25%), shoot fresh weight (24%), root length (25%), and root fresh weight (29%), spinach nutrition, i.e., nitrogen (18%), phosphorus (22%), potassium (15%), iron (17%), and zinc (14%), spinach physiology, i.e., relative water content (27%), chlorophyll content (9%), and the membrane stability index (28%) under peat coated treatments with 24% more soil microbial populations compared to the control. Similarly, in the field experiment, peat coating significantly enhanced spinach growth, i.e., shoot length (29%), shoot fresh weight (23%), root length (16%), and root fresh weight (24.7%), spinach nutrition, i.e., nitrogen (16%), phosphorus (19%), potassium (15%), iron (17%), and zinc (23%), spinach physiology, i.e., relative water content (28%), chlorophyll content (13%) and the membrane stability index (32%), and spinach yield per hectare (30%), as well as producing 20% higher soil microbial populations. From these results, it is concluded that peat is a good carrier material for biofertilizer production as it not only enhances crop production but also the microbial number, in addition to improving soil quality.

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“…Then, the total amount of soil elements was determined by mixed acid (HF-HNO 3 -HClO 4 ) ablation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the effective state content was determined via leaching and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (HJ804-2006). Next, the N content in the leaves was determined using the H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O 2 ablation method, and the P content was determined using H 2 SO 4 -H 2 O 2 molybdenum gradient resistance colorimetry [22,23]. Subsequently, the K, Mn, Zn, Fe, Ca, and Mg contents were determined using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (JD-02), the Cu content was determined using an iCAPQc plasma mass spectrometer (JD-03), and a one-meter planar grating spectrometer (JD-14) was used for B determination [24].…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Soil-Plant Leaf Nutrient Elements and Key Factors Affecting Mangoes in Karst Areas of Southwest China

Song

Huang

Yang

et al. 2022

Land

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Baise city is one of the largest producers of mangoes, with this agricultural industry located in the karst region of Southwest China. However, calcium-rich and alkaline soils, severe soil fragmentation, and poor water and fertilizer retention capacity contribute to low mango yields and are key issues that limit the development of the mango industry in karst areas. Our study objectives were to identify the soil factors that limit mango growth and yield in the karst region of Southwest China, and to determine how these growth- and production-limiting conditions vary between landscape positions. This study analyzed the differences in soil nutrient and element contents in mango leaves, and used a Random Forest algorithm to calculate the eigenvalues of the mango leaf and soil elemental indices in the different geomorphic parts (slopes, transition zone, passes, high-yielding depressions, and low-yielding depressions) of the karst peak-cluster depressions. The key factors affecting the mango leaves and soil were screened based on the diagnostic results and the eigenvalues. The results showed that for the elemental contents of Fe, Mg, Ca, and Mn in the mango leaves in the different geomorphic parts of the karst, the peak-cluster depressions were generally deficient and varied significantly. The contents of available B (AB), soil organic matter (SOM), pH, total nitrogen, available Fe, available Mn, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, exchangeable Ca (Caex), exchangeable Mg, and other indices in the soils differed significantly, and AB, available Zn, and available K (AK) showed low or very low content levels. In addition, the key soil factors limiting mango yield in the karst areas were AB, fulvic acid, SOM, Fe, Mn, Caex, soil water, and AK; and the key mango leaf factors were Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Mg. Consequently, the characteristics of soil water content, pH, and soil organic matter may be the main drivers affecting the differences in the mango yield and the elemental characteristics. These findings suggest that the addition of organic fertilizer could improve the quality and yield of mangoes in karst areas.

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Biochar Enriched with Buffalo Slurry Improved Soil Nitrogen and Carbon Dynamics, Nutrient Uptake and Growth Attributes of Wheat by Reducing Leaching Losses of Nutrients

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Impact of Biochar Application on Ammonia Volatilization from Paddy Fields under Controlled Irrigation

Impact of Biochar Application on Ammonia Volatilization from Paddy Fields under Controlled Irrigation

The Effect of Different Carrier Materials on the Growth and Yield of Spinach under Pot and Field Experimental Conditions

Characterization of Soil-Plant Leaf Nutrient Elements and Key Factors Affecting Mangoes in Karst Areas of Southwest China

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