Biochar in Concrete: A Pathway to Eco-Friendly Building Practices

Abstract

Global warming, driven by rising atmospheric greenhouse gas levels, necessitates a paradigm shift in the construction industry, a major contributor to CO2 emissions. Concrete, a cornerstone of modern construction, is responsible for a significant portion of global CO2 emissions due to the high carbon footprint of cement, a key ingredient. Biochar, a charcoal-like material produced from pyrolyzed organic waste, offers a multifaceted approach to mitigating the environmental impact of concrete by reducing CO2 emissions during production, sequestering carbon within the concrete structure, and potentially enhancing concrete properties. This paper explores the definition and production methodologies of biochar, its physical and chemical properties, and the effects of incorporating biochar into concrete mixes on various concrete properties, including rheology, hydration, setting time, mechanical strength, shrinkage, and durability. Additionally, it discusses the substantial environmental benefits of using biochar in concrete production, particularly its role in carbon sequestration. The findings suggest that biochar holds significant potential for the construction industry to adopt more sustainable practices.