Biochemical and Physiological Changes during Early Adventitious Root Formation in Chrysanthemum indicum Linné Cuttings

Abstract

Chrysanthemum indicum is an important ornamental and medicinal plant that is often difficult to propagate commercially because of its poor germination and low seed viability. This plant is mostly propagated by cutting, but the rooting is slow and non-uniform. The present investigation evaluated the regeneration capacity of stem cutting by examining the influence of auxins, growth medium, temperature, and explant type on adventitious root formation in C. indicum. The auxin-treated cuttings were planted in different growth substrates under greenhouse conditions. Among the different auxins tested, indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) more effectively induced roots. The cutting position of stock plants influenced rooting capacity. Cutting the stock plants from the apical region enhanced root number and length in the explants. Among the different explant types, apical stem cuts with 2000 ppm IBA produced a significantly higher number of adventitious roots when grown in vermiculite and perlite (V + P) at a ratio of 1:1 at 25 °C. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed that protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, biochanin A, salicylic acid, caffeic acid, glycitein, and luteolin were the most dominant phenolic compounds present in C. indicum. These results indicate that IBA treatment promoted the synthesis and accumulation of phenolic compounds in C. indicum stem cuttings at the time of root formation. The present results demonstrate that applying auxins is essential for early root initiation and higher rooting success and thus may be beneficial for vegetative C. indicum propagation.

Plant Growth Regulators and Rooting Media: A Viable Approach for Growth and Performance of Citrus

“…Additionally, it should not be overlooked here to focus on the overall health and the adaptability of the cutting and at the same time, its ability to withstand transplantation into the field. Moreover, the utilization of effective rooting media and PGEs can have a crucial influence on the number of leaves in citrus cuttings as mentioned by Ghimire et al, (2022) [22].…”

Efecto de la renovación por zoca y podas en la biomasa de raíces de café

“…En cuanto al concepto de acumulación y distribución de la biomasa en las estructuras que conforman la planta de café, según la fase de desarrollo pueden presentarse cambios en la redistribución de los asimilados, asociados a su vez con la acumulación de nutrimentos (Riaño et al, 2004). Por tal razón los cambios que se presentan en la biomasa de raíces luego de podar las plantas de café, puede asociarse con el desequilibrio ocasionado al limitar la cantidad de órganos aéreos que soportan procesos fisiológicos de gran importancia como son la fotosíntesis y el intercambio gaseoso, además del mutuo intercambio hormonal en particular de citoquininas y auxinas (Kolek y Kozinka, 1992;Peres et al, 2001;Ghimire et al, 2022).…”

Impact of some natural extracts on rooting performance of coratina olive cuttings

“…Also, the results refer to the difference of natural substances solution in total phenol content which is a digamma on their effect on rooting. Since the old theory was more phenol content coincided with low rooting percent (ABD EL HAMEED, 2018;WOJTANIA et al, 2019;ABDEL-RAHMAN et al, 2020), while the modern theory on the opposite side more phenols content stimulate rooting of cuttings (WOJTANIA et al, 2019;DENAXA et al, 2021;GHIMIRE et al, 2022;MARTINS et al, 2022;ABDEL-RAHMAN et al, 2020). The modern theory concluded that phenol effects depend on their type and concentration.…”

“…Moreover, in 'kalamata' olive cultivar, chlorogenic acid considered a possible rooting cofactor (DENAXA et al, 2020). More recently, IBA treatment stimulates the synthesis and accumulation of gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid, biochanin A, chlorogenic acid, salicylic acid, glycitein, caffeic acid and luteolin in C. indicum stem cuttings (GHIMIRE et al, 2022). More recently, stated that, the important role of phenolic compounds in adventitious root formation in some olive cuttings (Grappolo 541, Ascolano 315, Santa Catalina, and Maria da F´e) resulted from their presence in the cambial region, since phenolic compounds have close relationships with enzymes related to auxin metabolism and transport (MARTINS et al, 2022).…”