Biochemical Changes Between Rapid And Conventional Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Comparative Studya

Abstract

Background: Accelerated orthodontics has revolutionized the field of orthodontic treatment. Reducing the overall treatment time remains the prime concern of an orthodontist. A good accelerating technique should be affordable, repeatable, practical, efficient and should not have any side effects on periodontium including root and alveolar bone. In the era of technology, many advances are made and newer techniques for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement have been introduced in order to reduce the length of treatment with minimal risk of side effects. This study was conducted to compare the biochemical changes in rapid and conventional orthodontic tooth movement.
 Materials and Method:A split mouth study was conducted on thirty patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment requiring all four first premolar extraction. The extraction space closure, was carried out with micro osteoperforations on the distal aspect of both the maxillary canines along with orthodontic force application as experimental site on the right side and conventional orthodontic tooth movement as control site on the left side. GCF was collected before the micro osteoperforation (T0), at day 3 (T1), at day 7 (T2) and at 4 weeks (T3) of initiating canine retraction from the distal gingival crevice of both the maxillary canines. Quantitative analysis of IL-1 and Osteocalcin in GCF sample was assessed using enzyme linked immune sorbent assay. The optical density of samples was calculated using a fully automated enzyme linked immunosorbent assay reader.
 Result: The level of Interleukin-1and Osteocalcin was always higher at the micro osteoperforation site compared to that of baseline values.
 Conclusion:A gradual increase in the levels of IL-1 and Osteocalcin was observed in both the conventional and micro osteoperforation site but statistically significant elevated levels of IL-1 and Osteocalcin were seen in micro osteoperforation site compared to conventional site.