Biochemical Toxicity and Potential Detoxification Mechanisms in Earthworms Eisenia fetida Exposed to Sulfamethazine and Copper

Rong, Hong; Wang, Chengrun; Liu, Haitao; Zhang, Min; Yuan, Yueting; Pu, Yanjie; Huang, Jin; Yu, Jinyu

doi:10.1007/s00128-020-02927-5

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The digestive enzymes of earthworms are important in the digestion and metabolism of organic matter, and they have been demonstrated to be critical indicators for ecotoxicology [63]. Proteases can decompose proteins and peptides into amino acids, participate in the regulation of biological nitrogen metabolism, and are important enzymes affecting organic nitrogen mineralization [64]. Proteases have been demonstrated to identify and degrade ROS-oxidized proteins in cells, minimizing their cytotoxicity [65].…”

Section: Earthworm Digestive Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At days 7 and 14, inhibition of NP was observed in the three poisoning treatment groups, which was significantly different from that in the CK group. Upon 28 days of exposure, the NP in the ENR and DEHP groups was considerably induced, indicating that earthworms need an abundant supply of amino acids to bolster their physiological function against oxidative stress or clear intracellular proteins damaged by ROS oxidation by enhancing the activity of protease [64]. The combined exposure of ENR and DEHP led to the inhibition of NP activity, implying that the combined exposure may adversely affect protein metabolism [63].…”

Section: Earthworm Digestive Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…abundant supply of amino acids to bolster their physiological function against oxidative stress or clear intracellular proteins damaged by ROS oxidation by enhancing the activity of protease [64]. The combined exposure of ENR and DEHP led to the inhibition of NP activity, implying that the combined exposure may adversely affect protein metabolism [63].…”

Section: Earthworm Digestive Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Earthworm (Eisenia fetida) Induced by Enrofloxacin and Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate

et al. 2023

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We found that the typical fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENR) and plasticizer di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are often detected simultaneously and at high frequencies in the environment, but their combined exposure effects on soil animals are poorly understood. Here, oxidative stress, DNA damage and changes in digestibility of the earthworm were investigated to reflect the toxicological effects of single and combined exposure of DEHP and ENR on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). We found that the DEHP treatment group and the combined pollution treatment group showed significantly increased reactive oxygen species content of earthworms at 14 d and 28 d. ENR exposure alone had little effect on the antioxidant enzyme system, while DEHP and combined treatment showed a trend of inhibition and then activation. Addition of both pollutants caused a rise in the lipid peroxidation levels of earthworms. Malonaldehyde (MDA) was mainly scavenged by glutathione sulfur transferase (GST). ENR and DEHP caused more DNA damage to earthworm tissue than their combined pollution under the regulation of GST. Both single and combined pollution inhibited the digestive enzyme activity of earthworms, but the combined pollution had a stronger inhibitory effect. Cellulase, MDA and GST were the three most sensitive indicators on PCA. The toxicity was ENR + DEHP > DEHP > ENR according to the IBR index, and the combined toxicity showed a synergistic effect. The results showed that the combined pollution of phthalate esters and antibiotics in the actual environment was a significant ecological risk that deserves special attention.

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Section: Earthworm Digestive Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Earthworm Digestive Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%