Biocompatibility and bone mineralization potential of 45S5 Bioglass®-derived glass–ceramic scaffolds in chick embryos

Bioactive glass and glass-ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

“…In vivo results have confirmed that BG is able to stimulate and promote neo-vascularization [52,55,[120][121][122]164,203,206,[208][209][210][211]. For example, Leu et al [211] filled calvarial defects in SpragueDawley rats with 45S5 Bioglass ® impregnated (1.2 mg) collagen sponges (volume = 0.05 cm 3 ) and unloaded, empty sponge as a control.…”

45S5-Bioglass®-Based 3D-Scaffolds Seeded with Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Induce In Vivo Vascularization in the CAM Angiogenesis Assay

“…[23][24][25] To our knowledge, there is only one study which used the CAM angiogenesis assay for the investigation of the angiogenic response of 45S5 Bioglass Ò -based glass-ceramic scaffolds. 18 In this work the material itself did not induce vessel ingrowth. On the other hand a topic application of small amounts of positive regulators of angiogenesis directly onto scaffolds, for example, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has been shown to promote angiogenesis in the CAM assay.…”

“…18 For instance, Gorustovich et al 17 and Vargas et al 18 evaluated the biocompatibility and bone mineralization potential of 45S5 Bioglass Ò -based scaffolds using the chick embryo CAM culture system ex ovo. They proved the 45S5 Bioglass Ò -based scaffolds to be biocompatible in terms of the absence of inflammatory responses of the CAM, but were unable to observe vascular reactions of CAM vessels around the scaffolds.…”

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The use of Bioglass Ò to fabricate scaffolds using a foam replica method was introduced in 2006 followed by studies on the possible angiogenic effect of such scaffolds. 18 Similar bioactive glass scaffolds were investigated in coculture studies using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human osteoblasts, 14 and it was shown that the scaffolds were able to support both endothelial and human osteoblast proliferation.…”

A new take on an old story: chick limb organ culture for skeletal niche development and regenerative medicine evaluation

“…The CAM system has proved to be an effective method of confirming the angiogenic properties of novel scaffold materials, with or without cells or angiogenic factors, for potential application in critical size bone grafts as well as for assessing the susceptibility of these materials to vessel invasion (Baiguera et al, 2012;Borges et al, 2003;Kanczler et al, 2007). Exemplar studies include: the testing of 45S5 Bioglass-derived glass-ceramic scaffolds for biocompatibility and bone induction (Vargas et al, 2009); spheroidal osteoblast and endothelial cell cocultures for induction of perfused blood vessel networks into scaffolds (Steffens et al, 2009); porous polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds incorporating VEGF for stimulation of angiogenesis (Singh et al, 2012); and DegraPol ® foam scaffolds seeded with human osteoblasts and endothelial cells for angiogenic induction (Buschmann et al, 2011). The CAM model has also been used to demonstrate the potential of functionalised self-assembling peptide scaffolds, to provide microenvironments for migration of endothelial cells leading to increased angiogenesis (Liu et al, 2012), and the osteoconductivity and vascularisation of an electrospun nanocomposite based on poly-lacticco-glycolic acid and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/a-CaP) seeded with human adiposederived stem cells (Buschmann et al, 2012).…”